python numpy矩阵_Python Numpy 矩阵级基本操作(1)

import numpy as np #导入numpy包，简写为np

print "Generate 1*10 matrix"

a=np.arange(1,11)**2 #生成1-10的数组，并且每个元素原地平方

b=np.arange(1,11)**3

c=a+b #两个矩阵对应元素相加

print c

print c.shape

print "create a 2*10 matrix"

m=np.array([np.arange(10),np.arange(10)]) #使用array来创建数组（矩阵），在括号内输入维度

print m

print m.shape

print "generate zero matrix"

z1=np.zeros(10,dtype=np.int8) #create zero matrix

z2=np.zeros([3,4])

print z1

print z2

print "generate empty matrix"

e=np.empty([2,2]) #create empty matrix

print e

print "create identity matrix with data type equals int8"

eye1=np.eye(5,dtype=np.int8) #生成对角线矩阵

print eye1

print eye1[0,0] #get element by index

print eye1[3,4]

print "calculation between two matrix"

arr1=np.array([[1,2,3],[4,5,6]]) #calculation between two matrix

arr2=arr1*arr1

print arr1

print arr2

print arr2-arr1

print arr2/arr1

print arr2%arr1

print "calculation between a matrix and a number"

print 1/arr1

print arr1*0.3

print arr1+0.08

print arr1-0.33

print "Test reshape" #reshape不改变原矩阵，resize改变原矩阵

oriMatrix = np.arange(25)

resMatrix = oriMatrix.reshape(5,5)

print oriMatrix

print resMatrix

print "Reshape and Resize"

oriMatrix.resize(5,5)

print oriMatrix

print "Test diagonal and sum"

diag = resMatrix.diagonal()#获取对角线元素，组成向量

sumdiag = sum(diag)#计算向量各元素的和

print diag

print sumdiag

print "Get items by multi-index"

arr3 = np.arange(32).reshape(8,4)

print arr3

print arr3[[1,7,3,2],:] #矩阵切片

print arr3[:,[1,3]]

print "Test Transpose"#矩阵转置

print arr3.T

print arr3.transpose()

print "Test Ravel, From (m,n) to (m*n,1)"

print arr3.ravel()#矩阵展开

print arr3.flatten()

print "Test stack" #矩阵的组合

m1 = np.arange(9).reshape(3,3)

m2 = m1*3

mh = np.hstack((m1,m2)) #水平

mv = np.vstack((m1,m2)) #垂直

md = np.dstack((m1,m2))

print mh

print mv

print md

print "Test split"

print np.hsplit(mh, 3)

print np.vsplit(mv,3)

print "Array tools"

print mh.ndim #Dimension

print mh.size #the number of items

print mh.itemsize #bytes for every item

print mh.nbytes #total bytes=size*itemsize