因为该列没有包含在聚合函数或 group by 子句中。_sql serve 2012之，聚合函数的over子句...

/*

100万行的一个例子

IF OBJECT_ID(N'dbo.t') IS NOT NULL
    DROP TABLE dbo.t;
GO
CREATE TABLE dbo.t
(
    i BIGINT IDENTITY(1, 1) PRIMARY KEY,
    d MONEY
);
INSERT t
(
    d
)
SELECT TOP 1000000
       ROUND(10000 * RAND(CHECKSUM(NEWID())), 2)
FROM sys.all_objects AS a
    CROSS JOIN sys.all_objects;
go
WITH cte_a
AS
( SELECT a.i,
         a.d,NTILE(100000) OVER (ORDER BY i) AS group_no FROM dbo.t AS a
)
SELECT a.i,
       a.d,
       a.group_no,
	   SUM(d) OVER (ORDER BY i) AS 全局内至本行累计和,
	   SUM(d) OVER (PARTITION BY a.group_no ORDER BY i) AS 组内至本行累计和,
	   SUM(d) OVER (PARTITION BY a.group_no) AS 组内和,
	   AVG(1.0*d) OVER (ORDER BY i) AS 全局内至本行移动平均,
	   AVG(1.0*d) OVER (PARTITION BY a.group_no ORDER BY i) AS 组内至本行移动平均,
	   AVG(1.0*d) OVER (PARTITION BY a.group_no) AS 组内平均值
	   FROM cte_a AS a
ORDER BY i