python有序队列_python之单例模式、栈、队列和有序字典

一、单例模式

1、常用的单例模块

classSingleton(object):_instance =Nonedef __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):if not cls._instance:

cls._instance = super(Singleton, cls).__new__(cls)return cls._instances1=Singleton()

s2=Singleton()print(s1 is s2) #True

2、属性共用的单例

"""上面的第一种写法，虽然创建的是同一个实例，

但是属性是不共用的，因为每次__init__都会重新设置"""

classSingleton(object):

_instance=Nonedef __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):if notcls._instance:

cls._instance= super(Singleton, cls).__new__(cls)returncls._instancedef __init__(self, name, age):

self.name=name

self.age=age

s1= Singleton(name="小明", age=18)print(s1.name, s1.age) #小明 18

s2= Singleton(name="小红", age=17)print(s2.name, s2.age) #小红 17

print(s1 is s2) #True

"""因此想要属性也共用，__init__也需要处理"""

classSingleton(object):

_instance=None

_initialized=Falsedef __new__(cls, *args, **kwargs):if notcls._instance:

cls._instance= super(Singleton, cls).__new__(cls)returncls._instancedef __init__(self, name, age):if notself._initialized:

self.name=name

self.age=age

self._initialized=True

s1= Singleton(name="小明", age=18)print(s1.name, s1.age) #小明 18

s2= Singleton(name="小红", age&