python替换文本里面的数字_Python修改文件中的数字

使用SQLServer的bcp工具生成了格式文件，现在要修改格式文件符合要导入的文本数据。数据文件内容如下(因为太长，已省略部分行)。

xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sqlserver/2004/bulkload/format"

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="24"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="24"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR=","

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

xsi:type="CharTerm" TERMINATOR="\r\n"

MAX_LENGTH="30"/>

NAME="起点日期" xsi:type="SQLDATETIME"/>

NAME="终点日期" xsi:type="SQLDATETIME"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="MAX(D)" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="MIN(D)" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="M156" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="M157" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="M158" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="M159" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

NAME="M160" xsi:type="SQLFLT8"/>

现在要做的就是把每行的前面一个数字变成它本身减1的值，因为字段数太多，无法手工完成，虽然有很多工具可以完成这个任务，不过为了重新练下手，以下使用Python来对它作修改。

因为生成的文件是Unicode编码，所以在读取时，必须注意编码解码。对数据的搜索主要通过正则表达式来完成。

# encoding=utf-8

import re

import codecs

import os

def getformat(filename):

r = codecs.open(filename,

'w', 'utf-16-le');

with

codecs.open('datafmt.xml', 'r', 'utf-16-le') as f:

for item in f:

m =

re.search('[

if m

is None:

r.write(item)

continue

num =

int(m.group(1)) - 1

s =

re.sub(m.group(1), str(num), item) + os.linesep

r.write(s)

r.close()

if __name__ == '__main__':

getformat('fmt.xml')