python找指定内容_python查找指定具有相同内容文件的方法

本文实例讲述了python查找指定具有相同内容文件的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体如下：

python代码用于查找指定具有相同内容的文件，可以同时指定多个目录

调用方式：python doublesdetector.py c:\;d:\;e:\ > doubles.txt

# Hello, this script is written in Python - http://www.python.org

# doublesdetector.py 1.0p

import os, os.path, string, sys, sha

message = """

doublesdetector.py 1.0p

This script will search for files that are identical

(whatever their name/date/time).

Syntax : python %s

where is a directory or a list of directories

separated by a semicolon (;)

Examples : python %s c:\windows

python %s c:\;d:\;e:\ > doubles.txt

python %s c:\program files > doubles.txt

This script is public domain. Feel free to reuse and tweak it.

The author of this script Sebastien SAUVAGE

http://sebsauvage.net/python/

""" % ((sys.argv[0], )*4)

def fileSHA ( filepath ) :

""" Compute SHA (Secure Hash Algorythm) of a file.

Input : filepath : full path and name of file (eg. 'c:\windows\emm386.exe')

Output : string : contains the hexadecimal representation of the SHA of the file.

returns '0' if file could not be read (file not found, no read rights...)

"""

try:

file = open(filepath,'rb')

digest = sha.new()

data = file.read(65536)

while len(data) != 0:

digest.update(data)

data = file.read(65536)

file.close()

except:

return '0'

else:

return digest.hexdigest()

def detectDoubles( directories ):

fileslist = {}

# Group all files by size (in the fileslist dictionnary)

for directory in directories.split(';'):

directory = os.path.abspath(directory)

sys.stderr.write('Scanning directory '+directory+'...')

os.path.walk(directory,callback,fileslist)

sys.stderr.write('\n')

sys.stderr.write('Comparing files...')

# Remove keys (filesize) in the dictionnary which have only 1 file

for (filesize,listoffiles) in fileslist.items():

if len(listoffiles) == 1:

del fileslist[filesize]

# Now compute SHA of files that have the same size,

# and group files by SHA (in the filessha dictionnary)

filessha = {}

while len(fileslist)>0:

(filesize,listoffiles) = fileslist.popitem()

for filepath in listoffiles:

sys.stderr.write('.')

sha = fileSHA(filepath)

if filessha.has_key(sha):

filessha[sha].append(filepath)

else:

filessha[sha] = [filepath]

if filessha.has_key('0'):

del filessha['0']

# Remove keys (sha) in the dictionnary which have only 1 file

for (sha,listoffiles) in filessha.items():

if len(listoffiles) == 1:

del filessha[sha]

sys.stderr.write('\n')

return filessha

def callback(fileslist,directory,files):

sys.stderr.write('.')

for fileName in files:

filepath = os.path.join(directory,fileName)

if os.path.isfile(filepath):

filesize = os.stat(filepath)[6]

if fileslist.has_key(filesize):

fileslist[filesize].append(filepath)

else:

fileslist[filesize] = [filepath]

if len(sys.argv)>1 :

doubles = detectDoubles(" ".join(sys.argv[1:]))

print 'The following files are identical:'

print '\n'.join(["----\n%s" % '\n'.join(doubles[filesha]) for filesha in doubles.keys()])

print '----'

else:

print message

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。