python runner_ubuntu16.04.3 python 多版本改造与 HttpRunner 部署

问题：

HttpRunner supports Python 2.7, 3.4, 3.5, and 3.6. And we strongly recommend you to use Python 3.6.

官方强烈建议使用 Python 3.6 。

当我用ubuntu16.04.3 默认支持的python3.5.2 的pip3安装httprunner后

cmd@TR:~$ httprunner -V

httprunner：未找到命令

尝试添加python3.5的PATH也是无果

当然你可以有以下两种选择：

1 编译安装python3.6 到本地某一目录 然后添加PATH

2 利用update-alternatives --list python 来切换系统默认python版本

但这两种方案 都很麻烦，且对系统自带的py2 py3会有影响，主要是因为ubuntu在升级程序apt upgrade的时候，有的程序依赖py2或py3如果你更改默认py版本，会导致升级程序出错。

我的ubuntu16.04.3的相关系统python版本如下： cmd@TR:~$ python -V

Python 2.7.12

cmd@TR:~$ python2 -V

Python 2.7.12

cmd@TR:~$ python3 -V

Python 3.5.2

cmd@TR:~$ whereis python

python: /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python3.5m /usr/bin/python3.5m-config /usr/bin/python2.7-config /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python3.5-config /usr/bin/python3.5 /usr/lib/python2.7 /usr/lib/python3.5 /usr/lib/python3.6 /etc/python /etc/python2.7 /etc/python3.5 /usr/local/lib/python2.7 /usr/local/lib/python3.5 /usr/include/python3.5m /usr/include/python2.7 /usr/include/python3.5 /usr/share/python /usr/share/man/man1/python.1.gz

cmd@TR:~$ whereis python2

python2: /usr/bin/python2.7-config /usr/bin/python2 /usr/bin/python2.7 /usr/lib/python2.7 /etc/python2.7 /usr/local/lib/python2.7 /usr/include/python2.7 /usr/share/man/man1/python2.1.gz

cmd@TR:~$ whereis python3

python3: /usr/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3.5m /usr/bin/python3.5m-config /usr/bin/python3.5-config /usr/bin/python3.5 /usr/lib/python3 /usr/lib/python3.5 /usr/lib/python3.6 /etc/python3 /etc/python3.5 /usr/local/lib/python3.5 /usr/include/python3.5m /usr/include/python3.5 /usr/share/python3 /usr/share/man/man1/python3.1.gz

cmd@TR:~$ python -m site

sys.path = [

'/home/cmd',

'/usr/lib/python2.7',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',

'/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/wx-3.0-gtk2',

]

USER_BASE: '/home/cmd/.local' (exists)

USER_SITE: '/home/cmd/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages' (doesn't exist)

ENABLE_USER_SITE: True

cmd@TR:~$ python2 -m site

sys.path = [

'/home/cmd',

'/usr/lib/python2.7',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',

'/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/gtk-2.0',

'/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/wx-3.0-gtk2',

]

USER_BASE: '/home/cmd/.local' (exists)

USER_SITE: '/home/cmd/.local/lib/python2.7/site-packages' (doesn't exist)

ENABLE_USER_SITE: True

cmd@TR:~$ python3 -m site

sys.path = [

'/home/cmd',

'/usr/lib/python35.zip',

'/usr/lib/python3.5',

'/usr/lib/python3.5/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu',

'/usr/lib/python3.5/lib-dynload',

'/home/cmd/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages',

'/usr/local/lib/python3.5/dist-packages',

'/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages',

]

USER_BASE: '/home/cmd/.local' (exists)

USER_SITE: '/home/cmd/.local/lib/python3.5/site-packages' (exists)

ENABLE_USER_SITE: True

cmd@TR:~$ whereis pip2

pip2: /usr/bin/pip2 /usr/share/man/man1/pip2.1.gz

cmd@TR:~$ whereis pip3

pip3: /usr/bin/pip3 /usr/share/man/man1/pip3.1.gz

pyenv + pyenv-virtualenv Python多版本方案：

然后看到pyenv方案 没有执行编译安装py3.6.3 sudo make install 暂时该已经编译好的先放那，以后看看是否需要

pyenv + pyenv-virtualenv 还是要一起用 只用pyenv 好像还是会有冲突问题：

但这时候， 每个版本的环境仍是唯一的， 如果我们想在环境中安装一些库的话， 还是会导致这个版本的环境被修改。 这个时候， 如果我们用virtual env去建立虚拟环境， 就可以完全保证系统路径的干净。无论你在虚拟环境中安装了什么程序， 都不会影响已安装版本的系统环境

以下是安装记录：

cmd@TR:~$ sudo apt-get install curl git-core

cmd@TR:~$ curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/pyenv/pyenv-installer/master/bin/pyenv-installer | bash

略去部分

WARNING: seems you still have not added 'pyenv' to the load path.

# Load pyenv automatically by adding

# the following to ~/.bash_profile:

export PATH="/home/cmd/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"

eval "$(pyenv init -)"

eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

根据提示 需要追加PATH 依我个人习惯我追加到了 ~/.profile

sudo gedit ~/.profile

末尾追加

#Pyenv path

export PATH="/home/cmd/.pyenv/bin:$PATH"

eval "$(pyenv init -)"

eval "$(pyenv virtualenv-init -)"

source ~/.profile

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv --version

pyenv 1.2.0

pyenv install --list

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv install 3.6.3

Downloading Python-3.6.3.tar.xz...

-> https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.3/Python-3.6.3.tar.xz

Installing Python-3.6.3...

WARNING: The Python bz2 extension was not compiled. Missing the bzip2 lib?

WARNING: The Python readline extension was not compiled. Missing the GNU readline lib?

WARNING: The Python sqlite3 extension was not compiled. Missing the SQLite3 lib?

Installed Python-3.6.3 to /home/cmd/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv versions

* system (set by /home/cmd/.pyenv/version)

3.6.3

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv global 3.6.3

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv versions

system

* 3.6.3 (set by /home/cmd/.pyenv/version)

利用virtualenv 创建虚拟python环境

现在我们已经安装了多个python版本，但是这还不够, 某些有洁癖的程序员是一定要系统环境足够干净的，这时候我们可以使用virtualenv来创建虚拟python环境

virtualenv本是一个独立的工具，官网在这里：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv

幸运的是，如果你是安装我们前面的方式安装pyenv的，那它已经帮我们以plugin的形式安装好了virtualenv, 我们只要使用就好了

首先我们创建一个3.6.3的虚拟环境

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv virtualenv 3.6.3 pyenv363

Requirement already satisfied: setuptools in /home/cmd/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/envs/pyenv363/lib/python3.6/site-packages

Requirement already satisfied: pip in /home/cmd/.pyenv/versions/3.6.3/envs/pyenv363/lib/python3.6/site-packages

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv versions

system

* 3.6.3 (set by /home/cmd/.pyenv/version)

3.6.3/envs/pyenv363

pyenv363

切换和使用新的python虚拟环境

切换到新的虚拟环境的命令为

cmd@TR:~$ pyenv activate pyenv363

pyenv-virtualenv: prompt changing will be removed from future release. configure `export PYENV_VIRTUALENV_DISABLE_PROMPT=1' to simulate the behavior.

(pyenv363) cmd@TR:~$ python

Python 3.6.3 (default, Dec 22 2017, 09:54:35)

[GCC 5.4.0 20160609] on linux

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

如果要切换回系统环境， 运行这个命令即可

pyenv deactivate

那如果要删除这个虚拟环境呢？ 只要直接删除它所在的目录就好：

rm -rf ~/.pyenv/versions/pyenv363/

或者卸载：

pyenv uninstall pyenv363

最后虚拟环境安装httprunner: (pyenv363) cmd@TR:~$ pip install git+https://github.com/HttpRunner/HttpRunner.git#egg=HttpRunner

Collecting HttpRunner from git+https://github.com/HttpRunner/HttpRunner.git#egg=HttpRunner

Cloning https://github.com/HttpRunner/HttpRunner.git to /tmp/pip-build-frtiyh5m/HttpRunner

Collecting requests[security] (from HttpRunner)

Using cached requests-2.18.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting flask (from HttpRunner)

Using cached Flask-0.12.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting PyYAML (from HttpRunner)

Using cached PyYAML-3.12.tar.gz

Collecting PyUnitReport (from HttpRunner)

Using cached pyunitreport-0.1.4.tar.gz

Collecting idna<2.7,>=2.5 (from requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached idna-2.6-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting certifi>=2017.4.17 (from requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached certifi-2017.11.5-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting urllib3<1.23,>=1.21.1 (from requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached urllib3-1.22-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting chardet<3.1.0,>=3.0.2 (from requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached chardet-3.0.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting cryptography>=1.3.4; extra == "security" (from requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Downloading cryptography-2.1.4-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (2.2MB)

100% |████████████████████████████████| 2.2MB 133kB/s

Collecting pyOpenSSL>=0.14; extra == "security" (from requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached pyOpenSSL-17.5.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting click>=2.0 (from flask->HttpRunner)

Using cached click-6.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting itsdangerous>=0.21 (from flask->HttpRunner)

Using cached itsdangerous-0.24.tar.gz

Collecting Jinja2>=2.4 (from flask->HttpRunner)

Using cached Jinja2-2.10-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting Werkzeug>=0.7 (from flask->HttpRunner)

Using cached Werkzeug-0.13-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting six>=1.4.1 (from cryptography>=1.3.4; extra == "security"->requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached six-1.11.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting asn1crypto>=0.21.0 (from cryptography>=1.3.4; extra == "security"->requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Using cached asn1crypto-0.24.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl

Collecting cffi>=1.7; platform_python_implementation != "PyPy" (from cryptography>=1.3.4; extra == "security"->requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Downloading cffi-1.11.2-cp36-cp36m-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (419kB)

100% |████████████████████████████████| 430kB 231kB/s

Collecting MarkupSafe>=0.23 (from Jinja2>=2.4->flask->HttpRunner)

Using cached MarkupSafe-1.0.tar.gz

Collecting pycparser (from cffi>=1.7; platform_python_implementation != "PyPy"->cryptography>=1.3.4; extra == "security"->requests[security]->HttpRunner)

Installing collected packages: idna, certifi, urllib3, chardet, six, asn1crypto, pycparser, cffi, cryptography, pyOpenSSL, requests, click, itsdangerous, MarkupSafe, Jinja2, Werkzeug, flask, PyYAML, PyUnitReport, HttpRunner

Running setup.py install for itsdangerous ... done

Running setup.py install for MarkupSafe ... done

Running setup.py install for PyYAML ... done

Running setup.py install for PyUnitReport ... done

Running setup.py install for HttpRunner ... done

Successfully installed HttpRunner-0.8.5 Jinja2-2.10 MarkupSafe-1.0 PyUnitReport-0.1.4 PyYAML-3.12 Werkzeug-0.13 asn1crypto-0.24.0 certifi-2017.11.5 cffi-1.11.2 chardet-3.0.4 click-6.7 cryptography-2.1.4 flask-0.12.2 idna-2.6 itsdangerous-0.24 pyOpenSSL-17.5.0 pycparser-2.18 requests-2.18.4 six-1.11.0 urllib3-1.22

(pyenv363) cmd@TR:~$ httprunner -V

HttpRunner version: 0.8.5

PyUnitReport version: 0.1.4