本文档详细记录了一起Oracle数据库中出现的ORA-00600[13011]错误的排查过程。通过分析alert.log日志和数据库对象，确定该错误是由于表与索引间逻辑数据不一致导致。通过全表扫描和索引扫描的对比，定位到具体受影响的记录。解决方案是在线重建索引，并验证重建后的数据一致性。
一、问题概述
1、数据库环境：
Oracle Database 11.2.0.3.0 for Oracle Linux Server release 6.4，RAC，虚拟机
2、巡检时发现某数据库alert.log日志报ORA-00600[13011]错误，报错频繁，虽然未导致数据库宕机，但已影响业务，报错如下：
[oracle@NODE1 trace]$ grep -i ora-00600 alert*.log|grep 13011 | sort -u
ORA-00600: : [13011], [321401], [33682485], [24], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], [] -- Tue Feb 06 00:07:53 开始报错
ORA-00600: : [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], []
trace文件中信息：
从这里可以看出是对XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD表进行DELEDE操作导致该错误发生
Dump continued from file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_19795.trc
ORA-00600: [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], []
========= Dump for incident 49853 (ORA 600 [13011]) ========
*** 2018-02-06 09:37:44.987
dbkedDefDump(): Starting incident default dumps (flags=0x2, level=3, mask=0x0)
----- Current SQL Statement for this session (sql_id=b6nmg0fpy3smf) -----
delete from "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD" where "AX_ID" = :1
二、问题分析
1、MOS关于ORA 600 [13011]的描述：
Format: ORA-600 [13013] [a] [b] {c} [d] [e] [f] Arg
[a] Passcount Arg
[b] Data Object number Arg
{c} Tablespace Decimal Relative DBA (RDBA) of block containing the row to be updated Arg
[d] Row Slot number Arg
[e] Decimal RDBA of block being updated (Typically same as {c}) Arg
[f] Code
参考《New and Improved: ORA-600 [13013] "Unable to get a Stable set of Records" (文档ID 1438920.1)》和《ORA-600 [13013] "Unable to get a Stable set of Records" (文档ID 28185.1)》文章。该报错是由于对某个表执行DML操作，该表对应的某个索引损坏导致的，解决的办法是找出操作的表和受损的索引，重建索引即可。
2、查找报错对象
根据ORA-00600 [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3]报错代码，查找报错对象：
select dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(33682485) rfile,dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(33682485) blocks from dual;
RFILE BLOCKS
---------- ----------
8 128053
select owner, segment_name, segment_type, tablespace_name, a.partition_name from dba_extents a where file_id = 8 and 128053 between block_id and block_id + blocks - 1;
OWNER SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME PARTITION_NAME
------------ ------------------------ ------------------ ---------------- --------------
XXXXXMIN XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD TABLE XXX
trace文件中信息：
BH (0xf60ee308) file#: 8 rdba: 0x0201f435 (8/128053) class: 1 ba: 0xf6c96000 --其对象XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD与查询一致
set: 12 pool: 3 bsz: 8192 bsi: 0 sflg: 1 pwc: 0,25
dbwrid: 0 obj: 321401 objn: 321401 tsn: 8 afn: 8 hint: f
hash: [0x13ef9fd78,0x13ef9fd78] lru: [0xc900efb0,0xaf13f128]
ckptq: [NULL] fileq: [NULL] objq: [0x132d5a950,0x132d5a950] objaq: [0x132d5a940,0x132d5a940]
st: XCURRENT md: NULL fpin: 'kddwh01: kdddel' tch: 1 le: 0xcb0e3ee8
flags: remote_transfered
LRBA: [0x0.0.0] LSCN: [0x0.0] HSCN: [0xffff.ffffffff] HSUB: [65535]
buffer tsn: 8 rdba: 0x0201f435 (8/128053) --与查询一致，其对象为XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD
scn: 0x0001.084d4f80 seq: 0x01 flg: 0x06 tail: 0x4f800601
frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x538d type: 0x06=trans data
Hex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1
3、分析异常表
analyze table xxxxxmin.xxx_xx_xx_xxxxx_old validate structure cascade;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01499: table/index cross reference failure - see trace file –-根据文档 1499.1查找trace文件
OERR: ORA-1499 table/Index Cross Reference Failure - see trace file [ID 1499.1]
Error ORA-1499 is produced by statement "ANALIZE TABLE|CLUSTER VALIDATE STRUCTURE CASCADE" to report an inconsistency between a table or a cluster and its index where an index key value is not found in the index or vice versa.
The content of the trace file has:
: tsn: rdba:
description:
"row not found in index"
"Table/Index row count mismatch"
"row mismatch in index dba"
"Table row count/Bitmap index bit count mismatch"
"kdavls: kdcchk returns %d when checking cluster dba 0x%08lx objn %d\n"
tsn: Tablespace Number where the INDEX is stored.
rdba: Relative data block address of the INDEX segment header.
根据文档 1499.1查找trace文件未找到相应的报错。看来与文档描述的情况不同，需进一步分析。
4、根据ROWID分析
通过前面的分析知道ORA-600 [13013]该报错是由于表与索引之间的逻辑数据不一致导致。查询明确关联的索引：
select owner,index_name,index_type from dba_indexes where table_name='XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD' and owner='XXXXXMIN';
OWNER INDEX_NAME INDEX_TYPE
------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
XXXXXMIN PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX NORMAL
--索引创建语句如下：
DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL(UPPER('INDEX'),UPPER('PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX'),UPPER('XXXXXMIN'))
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "XXXXXMIN"."PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX" ON "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD" ("AX_ID", "BX_ID")
根据"XXXXXMIN"."PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX"索引的创建语句，该索引为B树索引，它是基于二叉树的,由分支块和叶子块组成，包括每个索引列的值和行所对应的ROWID。
通过下面的语句查询出全表扫描时和索引扫描时存在差异的行：
select /*+ INDEX_FFS(t pk_xxx_xx_xx_xxx) */ rowid,
2 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,
3 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block
4 from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t where (t.AX_ID is not null or BX_ID is not null)
5 minus
6 select /*+ FULL(t1)*/ rowid,
7 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,
8 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t1;
查询结果如下：
ROWID RELATIVE_FNO BLOCK
------------------ ------------ ----------
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAP 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAQ 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAR 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAY 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAZ 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAa 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAb 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAc 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAd 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAe 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAf 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAg 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAq 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAr 8 128053
AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAs 8 128053
15 rows selected.
5、验证该表全表扫描与索引扫描时存在差异行
根据下面语句找出差异的数据：
select e.*,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.rowid > (select min(x.rowid) from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD x where x.AX_ID=e.AX_ID and x.BX_ID=e.BX_ID);
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ------------------
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAM
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAN
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAP
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAL
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAQ
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACA
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACl
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAB
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAE
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACC
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACm
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAD
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACB
**** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAO
15 rows selected.
取其中一条数据来验证走全表扫描和索引扫描时的差异
--SQL执行计划通过索引扫描查询的数据
SQL> alter session set statistics_level=all;
Session altered.
SQL> select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------
**** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAAAGcaABR
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID cy48jvzrnuv22, child number 1
-------------------------------------
select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**
Plan hash value: 1022151449
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
| 1 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
|* 3 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXX | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
3 - access("E"."AX_ID"=**** AND "E"."BX_ID"=**)
21 rows selected.
--SQL执行计划通过全表查询的数据
SQL> select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------
**** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 14vbv6bu472ty, child number 1
-------------------------------------
select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**
Plan hash value: 3364144674
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 68 |
| 1 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 68 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 68 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter(("E"."AX_ID"=**** AND "E"."BX_ID"=**))
20 rows selected.
通过对比走全表扫描和索引扫描时存在差异
SQL> select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------
**** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAAAGcaABR
SQL> select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------
**** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk
小结：在执行delete from "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD" where "AX_ID" = :1时，该SQL的执行计划是走索引扫描，因为表与索引之间的逻辑数据不一致(索引列的值和行所对应的ROWID组成的索引数据与表数据不一致)，在变量“:1”的值刚好是异常的值时，导致了ORA 600 [13011]的报错。
三、解决方案
1、重建XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX索引
因XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX为"AX_ID", "BX_ID"列的联合主键索引，并且AX_ID列作为"XXXXXMIN"."XXX_VX" ("ID")的关联外键，BX_ID列作为"XXXXXMIN"."XXX_DATAXXXXX" ("ID")的关联外键。所以为避免对业务造成影响，使用ONLINE在线重建的方式重建XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX索引。
ALTER INDEX XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXX REBUILD ONLINE;
2、验证重建索引后的数据select /*+ INDEX_FFS(t pk_xxx_xx_xx_xxx) */ rowid,
2 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,
3 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block
4 from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t where (t.AX_ID is not null or BX_ID is not null)
5 minus
6 select /*+ FULL(t1)*/ rowid,
7 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno,
8 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t1;
no rows selected
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