python获取本地时间_Python实例讲解 -- 获取本地时间日期(日期计算)

1 #! /usr/bin/env python2 #coding=utf-83

4 import time

5

6 print time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %A %X %Z',time.localtime(time.time()))

或者

1 #! /usr/bin/env python2 #coding=utf-83

4 import time

5

6 print time.time()

7

8 print time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %A %X %Z", time.localtime())

你也可以用： print list(time.localtime())

结果是： 2011-02-08 Tuesday 16:30:23 Eastern Standard Time

下面是解释：

取得时间相关的信息的话，要用到python time模块,python time模块里面有很多非常好用的功能，你可以去官方

文档了解下，要取的当前时间的话，要取得当前时间的时间戳，时间戳好像是1970年到现在时间相隔的时间。

你可以试下下面的方式来取得当前时间的时间戳：

1 import time

2 print time.time()

输出的结果是：1297201057.8

但是这样是一连串的数字不是我们想要的结果，我们可以利用time模块的格式化时间的方法来处理：

time.localtime(time.time())

用time.localtime()方法，作用是格式化时间戳为本地的时间。

输出的结果是：

time.struct_time(tm_year=2011, tm_mon=2, tm_mday=8, tm_hour=16, tm_min=39, tm_sec=12, tm_wday=1, tm_yday=39, tm_isdst=0)

现在看起来更有希望格式成我们想要的时间了。

time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime(time.time()))

最后用time.strftime()方法，把刚才的一大串信息格式化成我们想要的东西，现在的结果是：

2011-02-08

time.strftime里面有很多参数，可以让你能够更随意的输出自己想要的东西：

下面是time.strftime的参数：

strftime(format[, tuple]) -> string

将指定的struct_time(默认为当前时间)，根据指定的格式化字符串输出

python中时间日期格式化符号：

%y 两位数的年份表示（00-99）

%Y 四位数的年份表示（000-9999）

%m 月份（01-12）

%d 月内中的一天（0-31）

%H 24小时制小时数（0-23）

%I 12小时制小时数（01-12）

%M 分钟数（00=59）

%S 秒（00-59）

%a 本地简化星期名称

%A 本地完整星期名称

%b 本地简化的月份名称

%B 本地完整的月份名称

%c 本地相应的日期表示和时间表示

%j 年内的一天（001-366）

%p 本地A.M.或P.M.的等价符

%U 一年中的星期数（00-53）星期天为星期的开始

%w 星期（0-6），星期天为星期的开始

%W 一年中的星期数（00-53）星期一为星期的开始

%x 本地相应的日期表示

%X 本地相应的时间表示

%Z 当前时区的名称

%% %号本身

2. 计算时间差：

1 #! /usr/bin/env python2 #coding=utf-83

4 import time

5 import datetime

6

7 d1 = datetime.datetime(2011, 2, 8)

8 d2 = datetime.datetime(2010, 12, 31)

9

10 print (d1 - d2).days

结果：39

3. 计算运行时间：

1 #! /usr/bin/env python2 #coding=utf-83

4 import time

5 import datetime

6

7 starttime = datetime.datetime.now()

8

9 time.sleep(5)

10

11 endtime = datetime.datetime.now()

12 print (endtime - starttime).seconds

结果：5

4. 计算十天之后的日期时间：

1 #! /usr/bin/env python2 #coding=utf-83

4 import time

5 import datetime

6

7 d1 = datetime.datetime.now()

8 d3 = d1 + datetime.timedelta(days =10)

9

10 print str(d3)

11 print d3.ctime()

结果：

2011-02-18 16:49:28.362000

Fri Feb 18 16:49:28 2011

5. 阳历转阴历：

1 #! -*- encoding: GBK -*-2

3 import re

4 import math

5 import time

6 import os

7

8 MONTH_NAME = ["", "January", "February", "March", "April", "May", "June", "July", "August", "September", "October", "November", "December"]

9 MONTH_DAYS = [0,31,28,31,30,31,30,31,31,30,31,30,31];

10

11 LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE = [

12 0x04AE53,0x0A5748,0x5526BD,0x0D2650,0x0D9544,0x46AAB9,0x056A4D,0x09AD42,0x24AEB6,0x04AE4A, #//*1901-1910*/13 0x6A4DBE,0x0A4D52,0x0D2546,0x5D52BA,0x0B544E,0x0D6A43,0x296D37,0x095B4B,0x749BC1,0x049754, #//*1911-1920*/14 0x0A4B48,0x5B25BC,0x06A550,0x06D445,0x4ADAB8,0x02B64D,0x095742,0x2497B7,0x04974A,0x664B3E, #//*1921-1930*/15 0x0D4A51,0x0EA546,0x56D4BA,0x05AD4E,0x02B644,0x393738,0x092E4B,0x7C96BF,0x0C9553,0x0D4A48, #//*1931-1940*/16 0x6DA53B,0x0B554F,0x056A45,0x4AADB9,0x025D4D,0x092D42,0x2C95B6,0x0A954A,0x7B4ABD,0x06CA51, #//*1941-1950*/17 0x0B5546,0x555ABB,0x04DA4E,0x0A5B43,0x352BB8,0x052B4C,0x8A953F,0x0E9552,0x06AA48,0x6AD53C, #//*1951-1960*/18 0x0AB54F,0x04B645,0x4A5739,0x0A574D,0x052642,0x3E9335,0x0D9549,0x75AABE,0x056A51,0x096D46, #//*1961-1970*/19 0x54AEBB,0x04AD4F,0x0A4D43,0x4D26B7,0x0D254B,0x8D52BF,0x0B5452,0x0B6A47,0x696D3C,0x095B50, #//*1971-1980*/20 0x049B45,0x4A4BB9,0x0A4B4D,0xAB25C2,0x06A554,0x06D449,0x6ADA3D,0x0AB651,0x093746,0x5497BB, #//*1981-1990*/21 0x04974F,0x064B44,0x36A537,0x0EA54A,0x86B2BF,0x05AC53,0x0AB647,0x5936BC,0x092E50,0x0C9645, #//*1991-2000*/22 0x4D4AB8,0x0D4A4C,0x0DA541,0x25AAB6,0x056A49,0x7AADBD,0x025D52,0x092D47,0x5C95BA,0x0A954E, #//*2001-2010*/23 0x0B4A43,0x4B5537,0x0AD54A,0x955ABF,0x04BA53,0x0A5B48,0x652BBC,0x052B50,0x0A9345,0x474AB9, #//*2011-2020*/24 0x06AA4C,0x0AD541,0x24DAB6,0x04B64A,0x69573D,0x0A4E51,0x0D2646,0x5E933A,0x0D534D,0x05AA43, #//*2021-2030*/25 0x36B537,0x096D4B,0xB4AEBF,0x04AD53,0x0A4D48,0x6D25BC,0x0D254F,0x0D5244,0x5DAA38,0x0B5A4C, #//*2031-2040*/26 0x056D41,0x24ADB6,0x049B4A,0x7A4BBE,0x0A4B51,0x0AA546,0x5B52BA,0x06D24E,0x0ADA42,0x355B37, #//*2041-2050*/27 0x09374B,0x8497C1,0x049753,0x064B48,0x66A53C,0x0EA54F,0x06B244,0x4AB638,0x0AAE4C,0x092E42, #//*2051-2060*/28 0x3C9735,0x0C9649,0x7D4ABD,0x0D4A51,0x0DA545,0x55AABA,0x056A4E,0x0A6D43,0x452EB7,0x052D4B, #//*2061-2070*/29 0x8A95BF,0x0A9553,0x0B4A47,0x6B553B,0x0AD54F,0x055A45,0x4A5D38,0x0A5B4C,0x052B42,0x3A93B6, #//*2071-2080*/30 0x069349,0x7729BD,0x06AA51,0x0AD546,0x54DABA,0x04B64E,0x0A5743,0x452738,0x0D264A,0x8E933E, #//*2081-2090*/31 0x0D5252,0x0DAA47,0x66B53B,0x056D4F,0x04AE45,0x4A4EB9,0x0A4D4C,0x0D1541,0x2D92B5 #//*2091-2099*/32 ]

33 #下面的三个表格是农历数据表 LunarCalendarTable 的结构。总共使用了32位整数的0～23位。34 #35 #6 5 4 3 2 1 036 #表示春节的公历月份 表示春节的公历日期37 #38 #19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 739 #1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1340 #农历1-13 月大小 。月份对应位为1，农历月大(30 天),为0 表示小(29 天)41 #42 #23 22 21 2043 #表示当年闰月月份，值为0 为则表示当年无闰月。44

45 def get_month_days(year, month):

46 global MONTH_DAYS;

47 if(month==2):

48 if(((year%4 == 0) and (year%100 != 0)) or (year%400 == 0)):

49 return 29

50 else:

51 return 28

52 else:

53 return(MONTH_DAYS[month]);

54

55 def get_syear_days(syear):

56 if(((syear%4 == 0) and (syear%100 != 0)) or (syear%400 == 0)):

57 return 366

58 else:

59 return 365

60

61 def get_days_of_syear(syear, smonth, sday):

62 """get given day's number of sun year"""

63 days = 0

64 for i in range(1, smonth):

65 days += get_month_days(syear, i)

66 days += sday

67 return days

68

69 def get_days_of_lyear(syear, smonth, sday):

70 """get given day's number of the lunar year"""

71 global LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE

72 lyear = syear

73 spring_month = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901] & 0x60) >> 5

74 spring_day = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901] & 0x1F)

75 if ((spring_month > smonth) or ((spring_month == smonth) and (spring_day > sday))):

76 #the day is before spring festival day, and is previous day in lunar year77 spring_month = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901 - 1] & 0x60) >> 5

78 spring_day = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[syear-1901 - 1] & 0x1F)

79 lyear -= 1

80 lunar_days = get_syear_days(lyear) + get_days_of_syear(syear, smonth, sday) \

81 - get_days_of_syear(lyear, spring_month, spring_day)

82 else:

83 lunar_days = get_days_of_syear(syear, smonth, sday) \

84 - get_days_of_syear(syear, spring_month, spring_day)

85 lunar_days += 1 #consider current day86 return (lyear, lunar_days)

87

88 def get_lunar_date(syear, smonth, sday):

89 if syear < 1901 or syear > 2099:

90 return

91 #lunar year, lunar days to spring festival92 lyear, lunar_days = get_days_of_lyear(syear, smonth, sday);

93 l_double_month = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[lyear-1901] >> 20 ) & 0xF

94

95 lmonth = lday = 1

96 bits = 19

97 month_begin_day = 0

98 for lmonth in range(1, 14):

99 l_month_big = (LUNAR_CALENDAR_TABLE[lyear-1901] >> bits) & 0x1

100 if month_begin_day + 29 + l_month_big < lunar_days:

101 lmonth += 1

102 month_begin_day += 29 + l_month_big

103 else:

104 lday = lunar_days - month_begin_day

105 break

106 bits -= 1

107 if l_double_month:

108 #lunar double month adjust109 if l_double_month == lmonth - 1:

110 lmonth -= 1

111 lmonth += 100 #double month112 elif l_double_month < lmonth - 1:

113 lmonth -= 1

114 return (lyear, lmonth, lday)

115

116 if __name__ == "__main__":

117 y,m,d = 2010, 9, 28

118 print "Sun calendar 2010-9-28 == Lunar calendar", get_lunar_date(y,m,d)

119

结果：Sun calendar 2010-9-28 == Lunar calendar (2010, 8, 21)

6. Python版的农历日历Calendar

1 #coding=utf-82

3 #参见：http://download.csdn.net/source/11784

5 #******************************************************************************6 #下面为阴历计算所需的数据,为节省存储空间,所以采用下面比较变态的存储方法.7 #******************************************************************************8 #数组g_lunar_month_day存入阴历1901年到2050年每年中的月天数信息，9 #阴历每月只能是29或30天，一年用12（或13）个二进制位表示，对应位为1表30天，否则为29天10 g_lunar_month_day = [

11 0x4ae0, 0xa570, 0x5268, 0xd260, 0xd950, 0x6aa8, 0x56a0, 0x9ad0, 0x4ae8, 0x4ae0, #191012 0xa4d8, 0xa4d0, 0xd250, 0xd548, 0xb550, 0x56a0, 0x96d0, 0x95b0, 0x49b8, 0x49b0, #192013 0xa4b0, 0xb258, 0x6a50, 0x6d40, 0xada8, 0x2b60, 0x9570, 0x4978, 0x4970, 0x64b0, #193014 0xd4a0, 0xea50, 0x6d48, 0x5ad0, 0x2b60, 0x9370, 0x92e0, 0xc968, 0xc950, 0xd4a0, #194015 0xda50, 0xb550, 0x56a0, 0xaad8, 0x25d0, 0x92d0, 0xc958, 0xa950, 0xb4a8, 0x6ca0, #195016 0xb550, 0x55a8, 0x4da0, 0xa5b0, 0x52b8, 0x52b0, 0xa950, 0xe950, 0x6aa0, 0xad50, #196017 0xab50, 0x4b60, 0xa570, 0xa570, 0x5260, 0xe930, 0xd950, 0x5aa8, 0x56a0, 0x96d0, #197018 0x4ae8, 0x4ad0, 0xa4d0, 0xd268, 0xd250, 0xd528, 0xb540, 0xb6a0, 0x96d0, 0x95b0, #198019 0x49b0, 0xa4b8, 0xa4b0, 0xb258, 0x6a50, 0x6d40, 0xada0, 0xab60, 0x9370, 0x4978, #199020 0x4970, 0x64b0, 0x6a50, 0xea50, 0x6b28, 0x5ac0, 0xab60, 0x9368, 0x92e0, 0xc960, #200021 0xd4a8, 0xd4a0, 0xda50, 0x5aa8, 0x56a0, 0xaad8, 0x25d0, 0x92d0, 0xc958, 0xa950, #201022 0xb4a0, 0xb550, 0xb550, 0x55a8, 0x4ba0, 0xa5b0, 0x52b8, 0x52b0, 0xa930, 0x74a8, #202023 0x6aa0, 0xad50, 0x4da8, 0x4b60, 0x9570, 0xa4e0, 0xd260, 0xe930, 0xd530, 0x5aa0, #203024 0x6b50, 0x96d0, 0x4ae8, 0x4ad0, 0xa4d0, 0xd258, 0xd250, 0xd520, 0xdaa0, 0xb5a0, #204025 0x56d0, 0x4ad8, 0x49b0, 0xa4b8, 0xa4b0, 0xaa50, 0xb528, 0x6d20, 0xada0, 0x55b0, #205026 ]

27

28 #数组gLanarMonth存放阴历1901年到2050年闰月的月份，如没有则为0，每字节存两年29 g_lunar_month = [

30 0x00, 0x50, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20, #191031 0x60, 0x05, 0x00, 0x20, 0x70, #192032 0x05, 0x00, 0x40, 0x02, 0x06, #193033 0x00, 0x50, 0x03, 0x07, 0x00, #194034 0x60, 0x04, 0x00, 0x20, 0x70, #195035 0x05, 0x00, 0x30, 0x80, 0x06, #196036 0x00, 0x40, 0x03, 0x07, 0x00, #197037 0x50, 0x04, 0x08, 0x00, 0x60, #198038 0x04, 0x0a, 0x00, 0x60, 0x05, #199039 0x00, 0x30, 0x80, 0x05, 0x00, #200040 0x40, 0x02, 0x07, 0x00, 0x50, #201041 0x04, 0x09, 0x00, 0x60, 0x04, #202042 0x00, 0x20, 0x60, 0x05, 0x00, #203043 0x30, 0xb0, 0x06, 0x00, 0x50, #204044 0x02, 0x07, 0x00, 0x50, 0x03 #205045 ]

46

47 #==================================================================================48

49 from datetime import date, datetime

50 from calendar import Calendar as Cal

51

52 START_YEAR = 1901

53

54 def is_leap_year(tm):

55 y = tm.year

56 return (not (y % 4)) and (y % 100) or (not (y % 400))

57

58 def show_month(tm):

59 (ly, lm, ld) = get_ludar_date(tm)

60 print

61 print u"%d年%d月%d日" % (tm.year, tm.month, tm.day), week_str(tm),

62 print u"\t农历：", y_lunar(ly), m_lunar(lm), d_lunar(ld)

63 print

64 print u"日\t一\t二\t三\t四\t五\t六"

65

66 c = Cal()

67 ds = [d for d in c.itermonthdays(tm.year, tm.month)]

68 count = 0

69 for d in ds:

70 count += 1

71 if d == 0:

72 print "\t",

73 continue

74

75 (ly, lm, ld) = get_ludar_date(datetime(tm.year, tm.month, d))

76 if count % 7 == 0:

77 print

78

79 d_str = str(d)

80 if d == tm.day:

81 d_str = u"*" + d_str

82 print d_str + d_lunar(ld) + u"\t",

83 print

84

85 def this_month():

86 show_month(datetime.now())

87

88 def week_str(tm):

89 a = u'星期一 星期二 星期三 星期四 星期五 星期六 星期日'.split()

90 return a[tm.weekday()]

91

92 def d_lunar(ld):

93 a = u'初一 初二 初三 初四 初五 初六 初七 初八 初九 初十\94 十一 十二 十三 十四 十五 十六 十七 十八 十九 廿十\95 廿一 廿二 廿三 廿四 廿五 廿六 廿七 廿八 廿九 三十'.split()

96 return a[ld - 1]

97

98 def m_lunar(lm):

99 a = u'正月 二月 三月 四月 五月 六月 七月 八月 九月 十月 十一月 十二月'.split()

100 return a[lm - 1]

101

102 def y_lunar(ly):

103 y = ly

104 tg = u'甲 乙 丙 丁 戊 己 庚 辛 壬 癸'.split()

105 dz = u'子 丑 寅 卯 辰 巳 午 未 申 酉 戌 亥'.split()

106 sx = u'鼠 牛 虎 免 龙 蛇 马 羊 猴 鸡 狗 猪'.split()

107 return tg[(y - 4) % 10] + dz[(y - 4) % 12] + u'' + sx[(y - 4) % 12] + u'年'

108

109 def date_diff(tm):

110 return (tm - datetime(1901, 1, 1)).days

111

112 def get_leap_month(lunar_year):

113 flag = g_lunar_month[(lunar_year - START_YEAR) / 2]

114 if (lunar_year - START_YEAR) % 2:

115 return flag & 0x0f

116 else:

117 return flag >> 4

118

119 def lunar_month_days(lunar_year, lunar_month):

120 if (lunar_year < START_YEAR):

121 return 30

122

123 high, low = 0, 29

124 iBit = 16 - lunar_month;

125

126 if (lunar_month > get_leap_month(lunar_year) and get_leap_month(lunar_year)):

127 iBit -= 1

128

129 if (g_lunar_month_day[lunar_year - START_YEAR] & (1 << iBit)):

130 low += 1

131

132 if (lunar_month == get_leap_month(lunar_year)):

133 if (g_lunar_month_day[lunar_year - START_YEAR] & (1 << (iBit -1))):

134 high = 30

135 else:

136 high = 29

137

138 return (high, low)

139

140 def lunar_year_days(year):

141 days = 0

142 for i in range(1, 13):

143 (high, low) = lunar_month_days(year, i)

144 days += high

145 days += low

146 return days

147

148 def get_ludar_date(tm):

149 span_days = date_diff(tm)

150

151 #阳历1901年2月19日为阴历1901年正月初一152 #阳历1901年1月1日到2月19日共有49天153 if (span_days <49):

154 year = START_YEAR - 1

155 if (span_days <19):

156 month = 11;

157 day = 11 + span_days

158 else:

159 month = 12;

160 day = span_days - 18

161 return (year, month, day)

162

163 #下面从阴历1901年正月初一算起164 span_days -= 49

165 year, month, day = START_YEAR, 1, 1

166 #计算年167 tmp = lunar_year_days(year)

168 while span_days >= tmp:

169 span_days -= tmp

170 year += 1

171 tmp = lunar_year_days(year)

172

173 #计算月174 (foo, tmp) = lunar_month_days(year, month)

175 while span_days >= tmp:

176 span_days -= tmp

177 if (month == get_leap_month(year)):

178 (tmp, foo) = lunar_month_days(year, month)

179 if (span_days < tmp):

180 return (0, 0, 0)

181 span_days -= tmp

182 month += 1

183 (foo, tmp) = lunar_month_days(year, month)

184

185 #计算日186 day += span_days

187 return (year, month, day)

188

189 #功能简单，只打印当月的190 this_month()

7.计算年龄

1 from time import *

2 #a function to find your age3 def age():

4 print "Enter Your Date of Birth"

5 d=input("Day:")

6 m=input("Month:")

7 y=input("Year:")

8 #get the current time in tuple format9 a=gmtime()

10 #difference in day11 dd=a[2]-d

12 #difference in month13 dm=a[1]-m

14 #difference in year15 dy=a[0]-y

16 #checks if difference in day is negative17 if dd<0:

18 dd=dd+30

19 dm=dm-1

20 #checks if difference in month is negative when difference in day is also negative21 if dm<0:

22 dm=dm+12

23 dy=dy-1

24 #checks if difference in month is negative when difference in day is positive25 if dm<0:

26 dm=dm+12

27 dy=dy-1

28 print "Your current age is %s Years %s Months & %s Days"%(dy,dm,dd)

29

30 age()

31