python5种常见的异常_Python常见的错误和异常讲解

检测和处理异常 上下文管理 触发异常 断言 标准异常

检测和处理异常

第一种语句：try-except

try:

pass

except Exception, e: # 捕获所有异常

raise e # 抛出捕获的异常

第二种语句：try-except-except-except

try:

pass

except Exception1, reason1:

raise

except Exception2, reason2:

raise

except Exception3, reason3:

raise

第三种语句：处理多个异常的except语句

try:

pass

except (Exception1,Exception2), reason:

raise

第四种语句：try-except-else语句

try:

pass

except Exception, e:

raise e

else: # try范围中没有检测到异常时，执行else语句

pass

第五种语句：try-except-finally语句

try:

pass

except Exception, e:

raise e

finally: # 无论异常是否发生，是否捕捉到，都会执行该语句

pass

第六种语句：try-except-else-finally

try:

pass

except Exception, e:

raise

else:

pass

finally:

pass

第七种语句：try-finally

try:

pass

finally:

pass

上下文管理

with open('/etc/pas','r') as f:

for eachline in f:

触发异常

try:

pass

except Exception, e:

raise

断言

断言语句：如果断言成功不采取任何措施，否则触发断言错误的异常

assert 1 == 0

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "E:codeDAda.py", line 5, in

assert 1 == 0

AssertionError