A special distillation problem is encountered when the boiling point of the material is so high that the substance decomposes at its atmospheric boiling point or the vaporization temperature cannot easily be reached by steam heat. To distill such a material, either to free it from nonvolatile impurities or to separate it into fractions of differing boiling point, the distillation temperature must be lowered to a point where the liquid can be vaporized without reaching excessive temperatures. One method of accomplishing this is to operate under a vacuum.
A method of reducing the pressure drop in a downflow/upflow wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD烟气湿法脱硫) system and improving overall sulfur dioxide collection efficiency by converting the downflow / upflow WFGD system to an upflow single-loop WFGD system including the replacing of the downflow quencher and related duct work with a bypass for connecting the incoming flue gas duct with the upflow absorber and the adding of a quenching zone in the absorber comprised of spray headers.一种通过将上流式/下流式烟气湿法脱硫系统转变为单回路上流式烟气湿法脱硫系统,旨在降低上流/下流式湿烟道气脱硫系统中的压降,并提高二氧化硫总脱除率的方法。方法包括用旁通管替换下流式急冷器以及相应的管道系统,用以将烟道气管道与上流式吸收器相连接,以及在包括喷头的吸收器中增加急冷区。
In continuous processes the reactants are fed to the reactor and the products withdrawn continuously; the reactor operates under steady-state conditions. Continuous production will normally give lower production costs than batch production, but lacks the flexibility of batch production. Continuous reactors will usually be selected for large-scale production. Processes that do not fit the definition of batch or continuous are often referred to as semi-continuous or semi-batch. In a semi-batch reactor some of the reactants may be added, or some of the products withdrawn, as the reaction proceeds.在连续生产过程中,反应物不断的加入反应器中,与此同时反应产物不断被提取出来。反应器在一定的稳态下运行。和分批生产相比,连续生产的成本较低,但是连续生产的灵活性较差。连续生产的反应器一般被选择用于大规模生产。与分批生产和连续生产的概念都不同的生产模式通产被称为半连续或半分批生产。在半分批反应器中,随着反应的进行一些反应物被加入,同时一些产物被取出。半连续的过程通常被视为某种循环过程。
In continuous production process, the reactants are added to the reactor continuously. While the reaction products continue to be extracted. The reactor operates under steady-state conditions. Compared with batch production, continuous production costs lower, but lacks the flexibility of batch production. Continuous productions of reactor are generally selected for mass production. Different modes of production with continuous production and batch production called semi-continuous or semi-batch production. In the semi-batch reactor, some reactants are added with the reaction, while some products were removed. Semi-continuous process is generally viewed as a cyclical process.