python接入spring cloud_SpringCloud 整合 Python - Flask

前言

该篇文章分享如何将Python Web服务融入到Spring Cloud微服务体系中，并调用其服务，Python Web框架用的是Flask

方案

Sidecar+ Flask，在这里，我们会使用Sidecar将Python接口注册到SpringCloud中，将Python接口当作Java接口进行调用(通过SpringCloud去调用Sidecar，然后通过Sidecar去转发我们的程序请求)

Sidecar是SpringCloud提供的一个可将第三方的rest接口集成到SpringCloud中的工具

Python服务

manage.py

import json

from flask import Flask, Response, request, make_response, jsonify

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route("/health")

def health():

result = {'status': 'UP'}

return Response(json.dumps(result), mimetype='application/json')

@app.route("/getUser")

def getUser():

result = {'username': 'python', 'password': 'python'}

return Response(json.dumps(result), mimetype='application/json')

@app.errorhandler(404)

def not_found(error):

return make_response(jsonify({'error': 'Not found'}), 404)

if __name__ == "__main__":

app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=3000)

大致说下上述代码，Python服务监听3000端口，health方法用于给Sidecar提供健康接口，用于实时向Sidecar提供自己的健康状态，getUser是Python向外界提供的服务

运行方式

python manage.py runserver

sidecar-server工程

添加依赖

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-starter-eureka

org.springframework.cloud

spring-cloud-netflix-sidecar

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-test

test

SidecarApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.sidecar.EnableSidecar;

@EnableSidecar

@SpringBootApplication

public class SidecarApplication {

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(SidecarApplication.class, args);

}

}

application.yml

spring:

profiles:

active: "dev"

application:

name: demo-sidecar

sidecar:

port: 3000

health-uri: http://localhost:${sidecar.port}/health

ribbon:

ConnectTimeout: 50000

ReadTimeout: 50000

hystrix:

command:

default:

execution:

isolation:

thread:

timeoutInMilliseconds: 10000

server:

port: 8326

eureka:

client:

healthcheck:

enabled: true

service-url:

defaultZone: http://${registry.host:localhost}:${registry.port:8761}/eureka/

registry:

host: localhost

port: 31091

大致说下上述代码，main方法要使用@EnableSidecar注解，sidecar port代表监听Python运行的端口，server port代表Sidecar运行的端口，spring application name代表Sidecar的服务名，sidecar health-uri是Python健康接口，指向python的健康服务

服务调用 - consumer-server工程

调用方式一 : RestTemplate

ConsumerApplication.java

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;

import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@SpringCloudApplication

public class ConsumerApplication {

@Bean

@LoadBalanced

RestTemplate restTemplate() {

return new RestTemplate();

}

public static void main(String[] args) {

SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApplication.class, args);

}

}

application.yml

spring:

profiles:

active: "dev"

application:

name: consumer-server

server:

port: 8325

eureka:

client:

healthcheck:

enabled: true

service-url:

defaultZone: http://${registry.host:localhost}:${registry.port:8761}/eureka/

---

spring:

profiles: dev

registry:

host: localhost

port: 31091

RestTemplateController.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController

public class RestTemplateController {

@Autowired

private RestTemplate restTemplate;

@RequestMapping("/java-user")

public String JavaUser() {

return "{'username': 'java', 'password': 'java'}" ;

}

@RequestMapping("/python-user")

public String PythonUser() {

return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://sidecar-server/getUser", String.class).getBody();

// return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:3000/getUser", String.class).getBody();

}

}

这里做下说明，@LoadBalanced用于开启负载均衡，在这里有两种调用方式，使用和不使用@LoadBalanced

使用@LoadBalanced注解后，RestTemplate可以直接调用服务名

@Bean

@LoadBalanced

RestTemplate restTemplate() {

return new RestTemplate();

}

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://sidecar-server/getUser", String.class).getBody();

不使用@LoadBalanced注解，RestTemplate调用的就是固定的IP+PORT

@Bean

// @LoadBalanced

RestTemplate restTemplate() {

return new RestTemplate();

}

++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

return restTemplate.getForEntity("http://localhost:3000/getUser", String.class).getBody();

服务的启动顺序：Python服务，注册中心，sidecar-server工程，consumer-server工程

运行结果

调用方式二: Feign

SidecarController.java

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import com.coisini.consumer.client.SidecarAPIClient;

@RestController

public class SidecarController {

private SidecarAPIClient sidecarAPIClient;

@Autowired

public SidecarController(SidecarAPIClient sidecarAPIClient) {

this.sidecarAPIClient = sidecarAPIClient;

}

@GetMapping("/getUser")

public Object getUser() {

return this.sidecarAPIClient.getUser();

}

}

SidecarAPIClient.java

import com.coisini.consumer.config.FeignConfigure;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

@FeignClient(name="sidecar-server", configuration = FeignConfigure.class)

public interface SidecarAPIClient {

@GetMapping("/getUser")

Object getUser();

}

FeignConfigure.java

import feign.Logger;

import feign.codec.Encoder;

import feign.form.spring.SpringFormEncoder;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.ObjectFactory;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.HttpMessageConverters;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;

import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.support.SpringEncoder;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration

@EnableFeignClients(basePackages = "com.coisini")

public class FeignConfigure {

@Bean

Logger.Level feignLoggerLevel() {

return Logger.Level.FULL;

}

@Autowired

private ObjectFactory messageConverters;

@Bean

public Encoder feignFormEncoder() {

return new SpringFormEncoder(new SpringEncoder(messageConverters));

}

}

服务的启动顺序：Python服务，注册中心，sidecar-server工程，consumer-server工程

调用结果

至此，已完成微服务调用Python Web服务

Sidecar总结

Sidecar是一个用于监听非JVM应用程序(可以是Python或者Node或者Php等等)的一个工具，通过Sidecar可以实现Java和第三方应用程序的双向交互

第三方应用程序必须要实现一个接口，实时向Sidecar报告自己的状态，告诉Sidecar自己还在运行着。

Sidecar应用程序必须和第三方应用程序运行在同一台电脑上，也就是说他们之间是localhost，不能是IP访问

Demo下载

参考博客

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