centos7 mysql 5.7.13_centos7.3 安装 mysql-5.7.13

系统环境:

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/RedHat-release

CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

[root@localhost tools]# uname -a

Linux localhost 2.6.32-573.22.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Mar 23 03:35:39 UTC 2016 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@localhost tools]#

软件准备:

[root@localhost tools]# pwd

/opt/tools

[root@localhost tools]# ll

total 674208

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 639864682 Jul 22 17:47 mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  50516207 May 25 12:01 mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]#

解压安装:

[root@localhost tools]# tar xf mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]# ll

total 674212

drwxr-xr-x 9 7161 wheel      4096 May 25 15:04 mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  639864682 Jul 22 17:47 mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  50516207 May 25 12:01 mysql-5.7.13.tar.gz

[root@localhost tools]#

[root@localhost tools]# mv mysql-5.7.13-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost tools]#

初始化操作(生成初始密码):

[root@localhost mysql]# ./bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data

2016-07-22T09:58:15.001776Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790

2016-07-22T09:58:15.062066Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.

2016-07-22T09:58:15.073009Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: cebfb8a6-4ff2-11e6-8c8d-005056a01a07.

2016-07-22T09:58:15.074370Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.

2016-07-22T09:58:15.075736Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: k_1ljzVh3

[root@localhost mysql]#

PS: mysql5.7新特性：由上面可以看出， mysql_install_db 已经不再推荐使用了，建议改成 mysqld --initialize 完成实例初始化。

加入MySQL为系统服务:

[root@localhost mysql]# cp support-files/mysql.server  /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig mysqld on

[root@localhost mysql]# chkconfig --list|grep mysqld

mysqld          0:off  1:off  2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

[root@localhost mysql]#chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

MySQL服务启动、重启、停止

[root@localhost mysql]# serivce mysqld start

[root@localhost mysql]# serivce mysqld stop

[root@localhost mysql]# serivce mysqld restart

[root@localhost mysql]#

设置环境变量:

[root@localhost mysql]# vim /etc/profile

export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

[root@localhost mysql]#

检查MySQL是否能开启

[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/local/mysql

[root@localhost mysql]# cd support-files/

[root@localhost support-files]# ./mysql.server start

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

若改用了， 则在启动服务时会出现如下错误：

# ./support-files/mysql.server start

./support-files/mysql.server: line 276: cd: /usr/local/mysql: No such file or directory

Starting MySQL ERROR! Couldn't find MySQL server (/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe)

这时候我们需要修改/support-files/mysql.server文件的basedir和datadir目录路径为我们正确的mysql的basedir和datadir路径， 如下：

# vim support-files/mysql.server

--------------------------

...

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/data/mysql/data

...

--------------------------

# ./support-files/mysql.server start

Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!

创建配置文件

将默认生成的my.cnf备份

# mv /etc/my.cnf /etc/my.cnf.bak

[root@localhost support-files]# cp my-default.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

初始化mysql用户root的密码

先将mysql服务停止

# service mysqld stop

进入mysql安装目录， 执行：

# cd /usr/local/mysql

# ./bin/mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking&

[1] 6225

[root@localhost mysql]# 151110 02:46:08 mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.err'.

151110 02:46:08 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql/data

另外打开一个终端(p.s. 如果是ssh连接登录的, 另外创建一个ssh连接即可)， 执行操作如下：

# mysql -u root mysql

Reading table information for completion of table and column names

You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 2

Server version: 5.7.13 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;

Database changed

mysql> UPDATE user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') WHERE user='root';

ERROR 1054 (42S22): Unknown column 'password' in 'field list'

mysql> update user set authentication_string = PASSWORD('123456') where user = 'root';

Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.02 sec)

Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 1

mysql> flush privileges;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> \s

mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.13, for linux-glibc2.5 (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

Connection id:          62

Current database:

Current user:          root@localhost

SSL:                    Not in use

Current pager:          stdout

Using outfile:          ''

Using delimiter:        ;

Server version:        5.7.13-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Protocol version:      10

Connection:            Localhost via UNIX socket

Server characterset:    utf8

Db    characterset:    utf8

Client characterset:    utf8

Conn.  characterset:    utf8

UNIX socket:            /data/AEData/mysql/data/mysql.sock

Uptime:                46 min 54 sec

Threads: 6  Questions: 6846  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 257  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 201  Queries per second avg: 2.432

--------------

mysql>

到此， 设置完mysql用户root的密码且确保mysql编码集是utf8, 注意上面， 新版本的mysql.user表里的密码字段是authentication_string

MySQL远程授权

格式如下：

mysql> grant all [privileges] on db_name.table_name to 'username'@'host' identified by 'password';

示例如下：

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';

Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.04 sec)

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql>

或用

mysql> grant all on *.* to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';

到此， 完成了mysql的安装 及配置！！！

附上配置文件:

[client]

loose_default-character-set = utf8

[mysqld]

basedir = /usr/local/mysql

datadir = /data/mysql/data

port = 3306

server_id = 1

socket = /data/mysql/data/mysql.sock

expire_logs_days      = 7

innodb_file_per_table

innodb_buffer_pool_size        = 2G

innodb_thread_concurrency      = 24

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit  = 1

innodb_log_buffer_size          = 32M

innodb_log_file_size            = 256M

innodb_log_files_in_group      = 3

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct      = 90

innodb_lock_wait_timeout        = 120

wait_timeout            = 60

interactive_timeout    = 7200

skip-name-resolve

character-set-server    = utf8

back_log                = 50

max_connections        = 3000

max_connect_errors      = 32

max_allowed_packet      = 32M

binlog_cache_size      = 8M

max_heap_table_size    = 512M

tmp_table_size          = 64M

key_buffer_size        = 16M

read_buffer_size        = 2M

read_rnd_buffer_size    = 8M

bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M

sort_buffer_size        = 4M

join_buffer_size        = 2M

thread_cache_size      = 64

thread_stack            = 192K

query_cache_type        = 1

query_cache_size        = 256M

query_cache_limit      = 2M

ft_min_word_len        = 2

default_storage_engine  = INNODB

#default_table_type    = INNODB

transaction_isolation  = REPEATABLE-READ

lower_case_table_names  = 1

#log_slow_queries

slow_query_log

long_query_time = 2

log-short-format

myisam_sort_buffer_size        = 128M

myisam_max_sort_file_size      = 10G

myisam_repair_threads          = 1

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 32M

routines

single-transaction

hex-blob

skip-comments

complete-insert

skip-disable-keys

skip-add-locks

skip-lock-tables

[isamchk]

key_buffer      = 512M

sort_buffer_size = 512M

read_buffer      = 8M

write_buffer    = 8M

[myisamchk]

key_buffer      = 512M

sort_buffer_size = 512M

read_buffer      = 8M

write_buffer    = 8M

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

# Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.

# The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.

# Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.

# join_buffer_size = 128M

# sort_buffer_size = 2M

# read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

上面的内容转载自：https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2016-07/133688.htm?hmsr=toutiao.io

安装或使用过程出现的问题

1.bin/mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libnuma.so.1

解决方法：如果安装mysql出现了以上的报错信息.这是却少numactl这个时候如果是Centos就yum -y install numactl就可以解决这个问题了.

ubuntu的就sudo apt-get install numactl就可以解决这个问题了

The server quit without updating PID file  原因安装时的设置的datadir basedir 在mysql运行时找不到对应目录

解决方法:

1).ps aux|grep mysql 或 ps aux|grep mysqld

2).kill  -9 上述的mysql服务

3).vim  xxx/mysql/support-files/mysql.server  修改basedir=xxx/mysql  datadir=自己设置的data位置(如我设置在/data/mysql/data)

4).移动mysql.serve文件 cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld (注意/etc/init.d/中 原有的mysqld 需要移除)

5).vim /etc/my.cnf  修改basedir datadir 与 3)一样的路径 (我这里忘了修改导致出错)

6).修改datadir的权限 如mkdir  /data/mysql  ,mkdir data/mysql/data ,chown -R mysql:mysql  /data/mysql  (若没有mysql用户，通过groupadd mysql； useradd -r -g mysql mysql 添加)

7).systemctl restart mysqld

重启MySQL的时候出现Warning: Unit file of mysql.service changed on disk, ‘systemctl daemon-reload‘ recommended.错误，根据提示，

解决方法：

systemctl daemon-reload

正常重启MariaDB

systemctl restart mysql

即可。其他服务出现类似的情况，也可以使用systemctl daemon-reload来解决。

bash:mysql:command not found

解决方法

有以下几种错误原因：

1、如果你是使用的 rpm 的安装方式安装的，那么可能的情况就是你没有安装 client 包。

2、如果你已经安装了还是报这个错的话，那么你可以再重装一遍。(本人将client包重新安装后登录成功)

3、系统默认会查找/usr/bin下的命令，如果这个命令不在这个目录下，当然会找不到命令，我们需要做的就是映射一个链接到/usr/bin目录下，相当于建立一个链接文件。

3.1、首先得知道mysql命令或mysqladmin命令的完整路径

比如mysql的路径是：

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql，我们则可以这样执行命令：

ln -s  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql    /usr/bin

3.2、取得命令执行的绝对路径：whereis