python 赋值_python赋值

1、直接赋值

>>> y = 1

>>> x = (1,'one')

>>> z = ['age',18]

>>> o = 'strong'

>>> y

1

>>> x

(1, 'one')

>>> z

['age', 18]

>>> o

'strong'

>>> d = {'name':'Hiden'}

>>> d

{'name': 'Hiden'}

2、解包赋值,常用于函数或者方法返回元组(或其他序列或可迭代对象)时

>>> x,y,z = (1,2,3)

>>> x

1

>>> y

2

>>> z

3

>>> dic = {'age':18,'addr':'BeiJing'}

>>> k,v = dic.popitem()

>>> k

'addr'

>>> v

'BeiJing'

###带*号的变量解包

>>> a,b,*res = (1,2,3,4)

>>> a

1

>>> b

2

>>> res ###list格式

[3, 4]

####注意：解包的序列元素数量要与=左边的变量数量完全一致，否则会报错

>>> x,y,z = 1,2

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

x,y,z = 1,2

ValueError: not enough values to unpack (expected 3, got 2)

>>> x,y = 1,2,3

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "", line 1, in

x,y = 1,2,3

ValueError: too many values to unpack (expected 2)

3、链式赋值

>>> x = y =somefunction()

但是不一定等同于

x=somefunction()

y=somefunction()

4、增量赋值

x+=1(-、%、/等标准运算符也适用)

对于其他数据类型也适用，只要二元运算符适用于这些数据结构即可：

>>> fnord = 'foo'

>>> fnord +='bar'

>>> fnord*=2

>>> fnord

'foobarfoobar'