python sanic教程_基于python3.5+的web框架sanic中文入门教程

简介

sanic是一款用python3.5+写的web framework，用法和flask类似，sanic的特点是非常快

github官网：https://github.com/channelcat…

速度比较

框架

实现基础

每秒请求数

平均时间

Sanic

Python 3.5 + uvloop

30,601

3.23ms

Wheezy

gunicorn + meinheld

20,244

4.94ms

Falcon

gunicorn + meinheld

18,972

5.27ms

Bottle

gunicorn + meinheld

13,596

7.36ms

Flask

gunicorn + meinheld

4,988

20.08ms

Kyoukai

Python 3.5 + uvloop

3,889

27.44ms

Aiohttp

Python 3.5 + uvloop

2,979

33.42ms

安装

环境：python3.5+

python -m pip install sanic

Hello World

创建文件main.py，写入下面的内容

from sanic import Sanic

from sanic.response import json

app = Sanic(__name__)

@app.route("/")

async def test(request):

return json({ "hello": "world" })

app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

运行python3 main.py

sanic是不是看起来和flask一样

Request

属性

request.files (dictionary of File objects) – 上传文件列表

request.json (any) – json数据

request.args (dict) – get数据

request.form (dict) – post表单数据

例子

from sanic import Sanic

from sanic.response import json

@app.route("/json")

def post_json(request):

return json({ "received": True, "message": request.json })

@app.route("/form")

def post_json(request):

return json({ "received": True, "form_data": request.form, "test": request.form.get('test') })

@app.route("/files")

def post_json(request):

test_file = request.files.get('test')

file_parameters = {

'body': test_file.body,

'name': test_file.name,

'type': test_file.type,

}

return json({ "received": True, "file_names": request.files.keys(), "test_file_parameters": file_parameters })

@app.route("/query_string")

def query_string(request):

return json({ "parsed": True, "args": request.args, "url": request.url, "query_string": request.query_string })

路由

和flask差不多，一看就懂

from sanic import Sanic

from sanic.response import text

@app.route('/tag/')

async def person_handler(request, tag):

return text('Tag - {}'.format(tag))

@app.route('/number/')

async def person_handler(request, integer_arg):

return text('Integer - {}'.format(integer_arg))

@app.route('/number/')

async def person_handler(request, number_arg):

return text('Number - {}'.format(number))

@app.route('/person/')

async def person_handler(request, name):

return text('Person - {}'.format(name))

@app.route('/folder/')

async def folder_handler(request, folder_id):

return text('Folder - {}'.format(folder_id))

注册中间件

app = Sanic(__name__)

@app.middleware

async def halt_request(request):

print("I am a spy")

@app.middleware('request')

async def halt_request(request):

return text('I halted the request')

@app.middleware('response')

async def halt_response(request, response):

return text('I halted the response')

@app.route('/')

async def handler(request):

return text('I would like to speak now please')

app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=8000)

异常处理

抛出异常

from sanic import Sanic

from sanic.exceptions import ServerError

@app.route('/killme')

def i_am_ready_to_die(request):

raise ServerError("Something bad happened")

处理异常

from sanic import Sanic

from sanic.response import text

from sanic.exceptions import NotFound

@app.exception(NotFound)

def ignore_404s(request, exception):

return text("Yep, I totally found the page: {}".format(request.url))

蓝图

和flask中的蓝图一样，用于组织项目结构

创建一个蓝图，相当于创建一个sanic app,上面的用法和上面相同，把app改成蓝图名称bp

from sanic.response import json

from sanic import Blueprint

bp = Blueprint('my_blueprint')

@bp.route('/')

async def bp_root():

return json({'my': 'blueprint'})

蓝图注册到主app

from sanic import Sanic

from my_blueprint import bp

app = Sanic(__name__)

app.register_blueprint(bp)

app.run(host='0.0.0.0', port=8000, debug=True)

总结

sanic将是一个非常流行的框架．因为它基于python3.5+，使用了许多新的特性，这些特性让程序速度更快．