python绘制折线图先对数据进行处理_python数据分析——pyecharts折线图全解（小白必看）...

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折线图是排列在工作表的列或行中的数据可以绘制到折线图中。折线图可以显示随时间（根据常用比例设置）而变化的连续数据，因此非常适用于显示在相等时间间隔下数据的趋势。

下面我给大家介绍一下如何用pyecharts画出各种折线图

1.基本折线图

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y=[100,200,300,400,500,400,300]

line=(

Line()

.set_global_opts(

tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(is_show=False),

xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(type_="category"),

yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(

type_="value",

axistick_opts=opts.AxisTickOpts(is_show=True),

splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(is_show=True),

),

)

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(

series_name="基本折线图",

y_axis=y,

symbol="emptyCircle",

is_symbol_show=True,

label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),

)

)

line.render_notebook()

series_name：图形名称y_axis：数据symbol：标记的图形，pyecharts提供的类型包括'circle', 'rect', 'roundRect', 'triangle', 'diamond', 'pin', 'arrow', 'none'，也可以通过 'image://url' 设置为图片，其中 URL 为图片的链接。is_symbol_show：是否显示 symbol

2.连接空数据（折线图）

有时候我们要分析的数据存在空缺值，需要进行处理才能画出折线图

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y=[100,200,300,400,None,400,300]

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(

series_name="连接空数据（折线图）",

y_axis=y,

is_connect_nones=True

)

.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-连接空数据"))

)

line.render_notebook()

3.多条折线重叠

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]

y2=[200,300,200,100,200,300,400]

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1,symbol="arrow",is_symbol_show=True)

.add_yaxis(series_name="y2线",y_axis=y2)

.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-多折线重叠"))

)

line.render_notebook()

4.平滑曲线折线图

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]

y2=[200,300,200,100,200,300,400]

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1, is_smooth=True)

.add_yaxis(series_name="y2线",y_axis=y2, is_smooth=True)

.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-多折线重叠"))

)

line.render_notebook()

is_smooth：平滑曲线标志

5.阶梯图

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1, is_step=True)

.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-阶梯图"))

)

line.render_notebook()

is_step：阶梯图参数

6.变换折线的样式

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

from pyecharts.faker import Faker

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]

line = (

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(

"y1",

y1,

symbol="triangle",

symbol_size=30,

linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color="red", width=4, type_="dashed"),

itemstyle_opts=opts.ItemStyleOpts(

border_width=3, border_color="yellow", color="blue"

),

)

.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-ItemStyle"))

)

line.render_notebook()

linestyle_opts:折线样式配置color设置颜色，width设置宽度type设置类型，有'solid', 'dashed', 'dotted'三种类型itemstyle_opts：图元样式配置，border_width设置描边宽度，border_color设置描边颜色，color设置纹理填充颜色

7.折线面积图

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x=['星期一','星期二','星期三','星期四','星期五','星期七','星期日']

y1=[100,200,300,400,100,400,300]

y2=[200,300,200,100,200,300,400]

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x)

.add_yaxis(series_name="y1线",y_axis=y1,areastyle_opts=opts.AreaStyleOpts(opacity=0.5))

.add_yaxis(series_name="y2线",y_axis=y2,areastyle_opts=opts.AreaStyleOpts(opacity=0.5))

.set_global_opts(title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="Line-多折线重叠"))

)

line.render_notebook()

8.双横坐标折线图

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

from pyecharts.commons.utils import JsCode

js_formatter = """function (params) {

console.log(params);

return '降水量 ' + params.value + (params.seriesData.length ? '：' + params.seriesData[0].data : '');

}"""

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(

xaxis_data=[

"2016-1",

"2016-2",

"2016-3",

"2016-4",

"2016-5",

"2016-6",

"2016-7",

"2016-8",

"2016-9",

"2016-10",

"2016-11",

"2016-12",

]

)

.extend_axis(

xaxis_data=[

"2015-1",

"2015-2",

"2015-3",

"2015-4",

"2015-5",

"2015-6",

"2015-7",

"2015-8",

"2015-9",

"2015-10",

"2015-11",

"2015-12",

],

xaxis=opts.AxisOpts(

type_="category",

axistick_opts=opts.AxisTickOpts(is_align_with_label=True),

axisline_opts=opts.AxisLineOpts(

is_on_zero=False, linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color="#6e9ef1")

),

axispointer_opts=opts.AxisPointerOpts(

is_show=True, label=opts.LabelOpts(formatter=JsCode(js_formatter))

),

),

)

.add_yaxis(

series_name="2015 降水量",

is_smooth=True,

symbol="emptyCircle",

is_symbol_show=False,

color="#d14a61",

y_axis=[2.6, 5.9, 9.0, 26.4, 28.7, 70.7, 175.6, 182.2, 48.7, 18.8, 6.0, 2.3],

label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),

linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(width=2),

)

.add_yaxis(

series_name="2016 降水量",

is_smooth=True,

symbol="emptyCircle",

is_symbol_show=False,

color="#6e9ef1",

y_axis=[3.9, 5.9, 11.1, 18.7, 48.3, 69.2, 231.6, 46.6, 55.4, 18.4, 10.3, 0.7],

label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),

linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(width=2),

)

.set_global_opts(

legend_opts=opts.LegendOpts(),

tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(trigger="none", axis_pointer_type="cross"),

xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(

type_="category",

axistick_opts=opts.AxisTickOpts(is_align_with_label=True),

axisline_opts=opts.AxisLineOpts(

is_on_zero=False, linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(color="#d14a61")

),

axispointer_opts=opts.AxisPointerOpts(

is_show=True, label=opts.LabelOpts(formatter=JsCode(js_formatter))

),

),

yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(

type_="value",

splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(

is_show=True, linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(opacity=1)

),

),

)

)

line.render_notebook()

9.用电量随时间变化

import pyecharts.options as opts

from pyecharts.charts import Line

x_data = [

"00:00",

"01:15",

"02:30",

"03:45",

"05:00",

"06:15",

"07:30",

"08:45",

"10:00",

"11:15",

"12:30",

"13:45",

"15:00",

"16:15",

"17:30",

"18:45",

"20:00",

"21:15",

"22:30",

"23:45",

]

y_data = [

300,

280,

250,

260,

270,

300,

550,

500,

400,

390,

380,

390,

400,

500,

600,

750,

800,

700,

600,

400,

]

line=(

Line()

.add_xaxis(xaxis_data=x_data)

.add_yaxis(

series_name="用电量",

y_axis=y_data,

is_smooth=True,

label_opts=opts.LabelOpts(is_show=False),

linestyle_opts=opts.LineStyleOpts(width=2),

)

.set_global_opts(

title_opts=opts.TitleOpts(title="一天用电量分布", subtitle="纯属虚构"),

tooltip_opts=opts.TooltipOpts(trigger="axis", axis_pointer_type="cross"),

xaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(boundary_gap=False),

yaxis_opts=opts.AxisOpts(

axislabel_opts=opts.LabelOpts(formatter="{value} W"),

splitline_opts=opts.SplitLineOpts(is_show=True),

),

visualmap_opts=opts.VisualMapOpts(

is_piecewise=True,

dimension=0,

pieces=[

{"lte": 6, "color": "green"},

{"gt": 6, "lte": 8, "color": "red"},

{"gt": 8, "lte": 14, "color": "yellow"},

{"gt": 14, "lte": 17, "color": "red"},

{"gt": 17, "color": "green"},

],

pos_right=0,

pos_bottom=100

),

)

.set_series_opts(

markarea_opts=opts.MarkAreaOpts(

data=[

opts.MarkAreaItem(name="早高峰", x=("07:30", "10:00")),

opts.MarkAreaItem(name="晚高峰", x=("17:30", "21:15")),

]

)

)

)

line.render_notebook()

这里给大家介绍几个关键参数：

①visualmap_opts：视觉映射配置项，可以将折线分段并设置标签（is_piecewise），将不同段设置颜色（pieces）；②markarea_opts：标记区域配置项，data参数可以设置标记区域名称和位置。

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