![ebb0ab3855f3d33b33f8d7f4da147c14.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/ebb0ab3855f3d33b33f8d7f4da147c14.png)
我们在日常的开发中,经常会遇到这样一个问题,就是如何实现居中水平垂直居中对齐。并且在面试中也会出现这样的问题,但是我们往往回答的不是很全部,而导致没有得到面试加分。接下来我们通过不同的方式来实现,让我们成功破解这道面试。
1、定宽高
一、绝对定位和负magin值
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
.children-box {
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: yellow;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
margin-left: -50px;
margin-top: -50px;
}
</style>
![50aa9f7746be7f85052fe895d79060ef.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/50aa9f7746be7f85052fe895d79060ef.png)
二、绝对定位 + transform
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
.children-box {
position: absolute;
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: yellow;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
</style>
![da97c0a6a1465945f3cb4f11bc479c5e.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/da97c0a6a1465945f3cb4f11bc479c5e.png)
三、绝对定位 + left/right/bottom/top + margin
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
.children-box {
position: absolute;
display: inline;
top: 0;
left: 0;
right: 0;
bottom: 0px;
background: yellow;
margin: auto;
height: 100px;
width: 100px;
}
</style>
![46773340b0cc095b07834500ba17d96e.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/46773340b0cc095b07834500ba17d96e.png)
四、flex布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.children-box {
background: yellow;
height: 100px;
width: 100px;
}
</style>
![d18f16f4f170a08294aa2773df2754cf.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d18f16f4f170a08294aa2773df2754cf.png)
五、grid布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: grid;
}
.children-box {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: yellow;
margin: auto;
}
</style>
![d18c6948b292991e60501cdda1dcd568.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d18c6948b292991e60501cdda1dcd568.png)
六、table-cell + vertical-align + inline-block/margin: auto
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box"></div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: table-cell;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.children-box {
width: 100px;
height: 100px;
background: yellow;
display: inline-block;// 可以换成margin: auto;
}
</style>
![270c19e36292311ae73d84a0030440ae.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/270c19e36292311ae73d84a0030440ae.png)
2、不定宽高
一、绝对定位 + transform
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">111111</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
position: relative;
}
.children-box {
position: absolute;
background: yellow;
left: 50%;
top: 50%;
transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
}
</style>
![d65743482c676d32bb238dcf967d83a3.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d65743482c676d32bb238dcf967d83a3.png)
二、table-cell
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">111111</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: table-cell;
text-align: center;
vertical-align: middle;
}
.children-box {
background: yellow;
display: inline-block;
}
</style>
![d34e5c8199676b93cd0d3b932b778926.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/d34e5c8199676b93cd0d3b932b778926.png)
三、flex布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">11111111</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: flex;
justify-content: center;
align-items: center;
}
.children-box {
background: yellow;
}
</style>
![353544a7282edf9d5cdcd8287e8088d6.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/353544a7282edf9d5cdcd8287e8088d6.png)
四、flex变异布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">11111111</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: flex;
}
.children-box {
background: yellow;
margin: auto;
}
</style>
![bad0372e8ede5ed1eb4e406bca7d78ea.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/bad0372e8ede5ed1eb4e406bca7d78ea.png)
五、grid + flex布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">11111111</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: grid;
}
.children-box {
background: yellow;
align-self: center;
justify-self: center;
}
</style>
![05f6b4fd01d0eebd2f47f2354f54ea1c.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/05f6b4fd01d0eebd2f47f2354f54ea1c.png)
六、gird + margin布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">11111111</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
display: grid;
}
.children-box {
background: yellow;
margin: auto;
}
</style>
![696184fa4ad161a804b62130bd170e58.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/696184fa4ad161a804b62130bd170e58.png)
七、writing-mode属性布局
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<div class="children-box">
<p>11111</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
writing-mode: vertical-lr;
text-align: center;
}
.box>.children-box {
writing-mode: horizontal-tb;
display: inline-block;
text-align: center;
width: 100%;
}
.box>.children-box>p {
display: inline-block;
margin: auto;
text-align: left;
background: yellow;
}
</style>
![448a0c4f0f45e4535ff62397747cd550.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/448a0c4f0f45e4535ff62397747cd550.png)
writing-mode 属性定义了文本在水平或垂直方向上如何排布。 兼容性上还有些小瑕疵,但大部分浏览器已经支持。
![deeeb284fe282792ad3eaf3811e46237.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/deeeb284fe282792ad3eaf3811e46237.png)
3、番外(图片定高|不定高水平垂直居中)
一、table-cell
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<img src="https://ss1.baidu.com/70cFfyinKgQFm2e88IuM_a/forum/pic/item/242dd42a2834349b406751a3ceea15ce36d3beb6.jpg">
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
height: 200px;
width: 200px;
display: table-cell;
text-align: center;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
vertical-align: middle;
}
</style>
![c60804087c166029484417bb4f1e3109.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/c60804087c166029484417bb4f1e3109.png)
二、 ::after
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<img src="https://ss1.baidu.com/70cFfyinKgQFm2e88IuM_a/forum/pic/item/242dd42a2834349b406751a3ceea15ce36d3beb6.jpg">
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid red;
text-align: center;
}
.box::after {
content: '';
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
height: 100%;
}
img {
vertical-align: middle;
}
</style>
![e858f1cd21cc70df43201ca7ca5639db.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/e858f1cd21cc70df43201ca7ca5639db.png)
三、 ::before
<template>
<div id="app">
<div class="box">
<img src="https://ss1.baidu.com/70cFfyinKgQFm2e88IuM_a/forum/pic/item/242dd42a2834349b406751a3ceea15ce36d3beb6.jpg">
</div>
</div>
</template>
<style type="text/css">
.box {
width: 200px;
height: 200px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
text-align: center;
font-size: 0;
}
.box::before {
display: inline-block;
vertical-align: middle;
content: '';
height: 100%;
}
img {
vertical-align: middle;
}
</style>
![951a63d00b823577db39df6e66258f43.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/951a63d00b823577db39df6e66258f43.png)
四、总结
这里总结了很多种垂直水平居中的方法,但是肯定不是最完全的,还有很多其他中方式。但是总体的思路可以总结为以下几点。
一、内联元素居中布局
- 水平居中
- 行内元素可设置:text-align: center;
- flex布局设置父元素:display: flex; justify-content: center;
- 垂直居中
- 单行文本父元素确认高度:height === line-height
- 多行文本父元素确认高度:disaply: table-cell; vertical-align: middle;
二、块级元素居中布局
- 水平居中
- 定宽: margin: 0 auto;
- 不定宽: 参考上诉例子中不定宽高例子。
- 垂直居中
- position: absolute设置left、top、margin-left、margin-to(定高);
- position: fixed设置margin: auto(定高);
- display: table-cell;
- transform: translate(x, y);
- flex(不定高,不定宽);
- grid(不定高,不定宽),兼容性相对比较差;
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