文章目录
一、入口类及其源码剖析
入口类
@SpringBootApplicationpublic class DevServiceApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DevServiceApplication.class,args); }}首先从注解入手，进行分析：
@SpringBootApplication 注解
Spring Boot应用标注在某个类上说明这个类是SpringBoot的主配置类，SpringBoot就应该运行这个类的main方法来启动SpringBoot应用
源码剖析
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Documented@Inherited@SpringBootConfiguration@EnableAutoConfiguration@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = { @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = TypeExcludeFilter.class),@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM, classes = AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class) })public @interface SpringBootApplication {从源码可以看出，这个注解是@SpringBootConfiguration，@EnableAutoConfiguration以及@ComponentScan这三个注解的组合① @SpringBootConfigurationSpring Boot的配置类；标注在某个类上，表示一个类提供了Spring Boot应用程序@Target(ElementType.TYPE)@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Documented@Configurationpublic @interface SpringBootConfiguration {@Configuration:配置类上来标注这个注解；@Target(ElementType.TYPE)@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Documented@Componentpublic @interface Configuration {注意：
配置类相当于配置文件；配置类也是容器中的一个组件，它使用了@Component这个注解。
② @EnableAutoConfiguration
告诉SpringBoot开启自动配置功能，这样自动配置才能生效
借助@import,扫描并实例化满足条件的自动配置的bean，然后加载到IOC容器中
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Documented@Inherited@AutoConfigurationPackage@Import(AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)public @interface EnableAutoConfiguration {String ENABLED_OVERRIDE_PROPERTY = "spring.boot.enableautoconfiguration";/** * Exclude specific auto-configuration classes such that they will never be applied. * @return the classes to exclude */Class>[] exclude() default {};/** * Exclude specific auto-configuration class names such that they will never be * applied. * @return the class names to exclude * @since 1.3.0 */String[] excludeName() default {};}@AutoConfigurationPackage：自动配置包
@Import(EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector.class)：给容器中导入组件
使用@EnableAutoConfiguration
这个注解开启自动扫描，然后使用select选择挑选满足条件的文件，并且使用SpringFactoriesLoader进行实例化。最后加载到IOC容器里面，即ApplicationContext中。
③ @ComponentScan
@ComponentScan就是自动扫描并加载符合条件的组件(比如@Component和@Repository等)或者bean定义，最终将这些bean定义加载到IOC容器中去 。
二、实例化SpringApplication对象的源码剖析
源码剖析
/** * Create a new {@link SpringApplication} instance. The application context will load * beans from the specified primary sources (see {@link SpringApplication class-level} * documentation for details. The instance can be customized before calling * {@link #run(String...)}. * @param resourceLoader the resource loader to use * @param primarySources the primary bean sources * @see #run(Class, String[]) * @see #setSources(Set) */@SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })public SpringApplication(ResourceLoader resourceLoader, Class>... primarySources) {// 初始化资源加载器this.resourceLoader = resourceLoader;// 资源加载类不能为 nullAssert.notNull(primarySources, "PrimarySources must not be null");// 初始化加载资源类集合并去重this.primarySources = new LinkedHashSet<>(Arrays.asList(primarySources));// 推断应用程序是不是web应用this.webApplicationType = WebApplicationType.deduceFromClasspath();// 设置初始化器(Initializer)setInitializers((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationContextInitializer.class));// 设置监听器 setListeners((Collection) getSpringFactoriesInstances(ApplicationListener.class));// 推断出主应用入口类this.mainApplicationClass = deduceMainApplicationClass();}其中，在推断应用程序是不是web应用的时候调用了deduceFromClasspath() 方法
源码剖析
static WebApplicationType deduceFromClasspath() {if (ClassUtils.isPresent(WEBFLUX_INDICATOR_CLASS, null) && !ClassUtils.isPresent(WEBMVC_INDICATOR_CLASS, null)&& !ClassUtils.isPresent(JERSEY_INDICATOR_CLASS, null)) {// springboot2.0提出的响应式web应用return WebApplicationType.REACTIVE;}for (String className : SERVLET_INDICATOR_CLASSES) {// 如果两个包路径都没有的话，就是普通应用if (!ClassUtils.isPresent(className, null)) {// 普通的应用return WebApplicationType.NONE;}}// 其实最后返回的就是这个servlet，因为是web应用return WebApplicationType.SERVLET;}1. 设置初始化器(Initializer)
initializers 是 SpringApplication 中的一个实例属性
源码剖析
/** * Sets the {@link ApplicationContextInitializer} that will be applied to the Spring * {@link ApplicationContext}. * @param initializers the initializers to set */public void setInitializers(Collection extends ApplicationContextInitializer>> initializers) {this.initializers = new ArrayList<>(initializers);}initailizer实现了ApplicationContextInitializer接口
源码剖析
/** * Callback interface for initializing a Spring {@link ConfigurableApplicationContext} * prior to being {@linkplain ConfigurableApplicationContext#refresh() refreshed}. * * Typically used within web applications that require some programmatic initialization * of the application context. For example, registering property sources or activating * profiles against the {@linkplain ConfigurableApplicationContext#getEnvironment() * context's environment}. See {@code ContextLoader} and {@code FrameworkServlet} support * for declaring a "contextInitializerClasses" context-param and init-param, respectively. * *
{@code ApplicationContextInitializer} processors are encouraged to detect * whether Spring's {@link org.springframework.core.Ordered Ordered} interface has been * implemented or if the @{@link org.springframework.core.annotation.Order Order} * annotation is present and to sort instances accordingly if so prior to invocation. * * @author Chris Beams * @since 3.1 * @param the application context type * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader#customizeContext * @see org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader#CONTEXT_INITIALIZER_CLASSES_PARAM * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet#setContextInitializerClasses * @see org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet#applyInitializers */public interface ApplicationContextInitializer {/** * Initialize the given application context. * @param applicationContext the application to configure */ // 把初始化的ApplicationContextInitializer实现类加载到SpringApplication中void initialize(C applicationContext);}
总结：
ApplicationContextInitializer接口的作用，在Spring上下文被刷新之前进行初始化的操作。典型地比如在Web应用中，注册Property Sources或者是激活Profiles。Property Sources比较好理解，就是配置文件。Profiles是Spring为了在不同环境下(如DEV，TEST，PRODUCTION等)，加载不同的配置项而抽象出来的一个实体。
调用initialize()方法，把初始化的ApplicationContextInitializer实现加载到SpringApplication中
通过getSpringFactoriesInstances(
ApplicationContextInitializer.class)方法获得实现类
源码剖析
private Collection getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class type) {return getSpringFactoriesInstances(type, new Class>[] {});}private Collection getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class type, Class>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {ClassLoader classLoader = getClassLoader();// Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates// 使用 Set保存namesSet names = new LinkedHashSet<>(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));// 根据names进行实例化List instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes, classLoader, args, names);// 对实例进行排序AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);return instances;}2. 设置监听器
源码剖析
/** * Sets the {@link ApplicationListener}s that will be applied to the SpringApplication * and registered with the {@link ApplicationContext}. * @param listeners the listeners to set */public void setListeners(Collection extends ApplicationListener>> listeners) {this.listeners = new ArrayList<>(listeners);}继承了ApplicationListener()接口
源码剖析
/** * Interface to be implemented by application event listeners. * * Based on the standard {@code java.util.EventListener} interface * for the Observer design pattern. * *
As of Spring 3.0, an {@code ApplicationListener} can generically declare * the event type that it is interested in. When registered with a Spring * {@code ApplicationContext}, events will be filtered accordingly, with the * listener getting invoked for matching event objects only. * * @author Rod Johnson * @author Juergen Hoeller * @param the specific {@code ApplicationEvent} subclass to listen to * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationEvent * @see org.springframework.context.event.ApplicationEventMulticaster * @see org.springframework.context.event.EventListener */@FunctionalInterfacepublic interface ApplicationListener extends EventListener {/** * Handle an application event. * @param event the event to respond to */void onApplicationEvent(E event);}
总结：
在这里使用到了观察者模式，有一个被观察者和许多观察者，当被观察者的状态发生改变时，要通知所有的观察者做一些操作。
3. 推断主应用入口类
源码剖析
private Class> deduceMainApplicationClass() {try {// 构造一个异常类StackTraceElement[] stackTrace = new RuntimeException().getStackTrace();for (StackTraceElement stackTraceElement : stackTrace) {// 通过main的栈帧推断出入口类的名字if ("main".equals(stackTraceElement.getMethodName())) {return Class.forName(stackTraceElement.getClassName());}}}catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {// Swallow and continue}return null;}三、run() 方法源码剖析
源码剖析
/** * Run the Spring application, creating and refreshing a new * {@link ApplicationContext}. * @param args the application arguments (usually passed from a Java main method) * @return a running {@link ApplicationContext} */public ConfigurableApplicationContext run(String... args) {// 记时器，统计应用启动的时间StopWatch stopWatch = new StopWatch();stopWatch.start();// 初始化应用上下文和异常报告集合ConfigurableApplicationContext context = null;// SpringBootExceptionReporter 是异常处理器，启动的时候通过它把异常信息展示出来Collection exceptionReporters = new ArrayList<>(); // 设置系统属性java.awt.headless的值，默认为trueconfigureHeadlessProperty();// 监听器，SpringApplicationRunListeners实际上是一个集合SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners = getRunListeners(args);// 回调所有的获取SpringApplicationRunListener.starting()方法listeners.starting();try {// 初始化默认参数ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);// 准备 Spring 环境ConfigurableEnvironment environment = prepareEnvironment(listeners, applicationArguments);// 创建环境完成后回调，配置beanconfigureIgnoreBeanInfo(environment);// 打印器，springboot启动的时候会打印springboot的标志以及对应的版本Banner printedBanner = printBanner(environment);// 创建Spring应用上下文，来决定创建web的ioc还是普通的ioccontext = createApplicationContext();// 实例化异常报告器exceptionReporters = getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringBootExceptionReporter.class,new Class[] { ConfigurableApplicationContext.class }, context);//准备上下文环境 // Spring上下文前置处理prepareContext(context, environment, listeners, applicationArguments, printedBanner);// prepareContext运行完成以后回调所有的SpringApplicationRunListener的contextLoaded()；// Spring上下文刷新，表示刷新完成，进行后续的一些操作refreshContext(context); // Spring上下文后置处理afterRefresh(context, applicationArguments);// 停止计时器stopWatch.stop();// 输出日志记录的类名、时间信息if (this.logStartupInfo) {new StartupInfoLogger(this.mainApplicationClass).logStarted(getApplicationLog(), stopWatch);}// 发布应用上下文启动完成事件listeners.started(context);// 执行所有 Runner 运行器callRunners(context, applicationArguments);}catch (Throwable ex) {handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, listeners);throw new IllegalStateException(ex);}try {// 发布应用上下文就绪事件listeners.running(context);}catch (Throwable ex) {handleRunFailure(context, ex, exceptionReporters, null);throw new IllegalStateException(ex);}// 返回应用上下文return context;}1. 开启计时器
开启计时器，用来统计应用启动的时间
public void start() throws IllegalStateException {// 传入一个空字符串作为当前任务的名称 this.start(""); } public void start(String taskName) throws IllegalStateException { if (this.currentTaskName != null) { // 如果当前任务名字不为空，抛出异常 throw new IllegalStateException("Can't start StopWatch: it's already running"); } else { // 否则，记录当前任务的开始时间 this.currentTaskName = taskName; this.startTimeNanos = System.nanoTime(); } }首先，传入一个空字符串作为当前任务的名称
其次，判断当前任务名是否空，如果为空，则记录当前应用启动的开始时间
2. 设置系统属性的值
系统属性的值默认是true，系统属性的值来源于System.getProperty()。
private void configureHeadlessProperty() {System.setProperty(SYSTEM_PROPERTY_JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS,System.getProperty(SYSTEM_PROPERTY_JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS, Boolean.toString(this.headless)));}3. 监听器
private SpringApplicationRunListeners getRunListeners(String[] args) {// 类加载对应的监听器Class>[] types = new Class>[] { SpringApplication.class, String[].class };// 创建SpringApplicationRunListener实例return new SpringApplicationRunListeners(logger,getSpringFactoriesInstances(SpringApplicationRunListener.class, types, this, args));}4. 初始化默认参数
ApplicationArguments applicationArguments = new DefaultApplicationArguments(args);5.创建 Spring 环境
private ConfigurableEnvironment prepareEnvironment( SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners, ApplicationArguments applicationArguments) { // 获取环境。如果存在就直接返回，否则先创建一个再返回 ConfigurableEnvironment environment = getOrCreateEnvironment(); // 配置环境 configureEnvironment(environment, applicationArguments.getSourceArgs()); // 准备监听器环境 listeners.environmentPrepared(environment); // 将环境绑定到SpringApplication上面 bindToSpringApplication(environment); // 如果不是web应用环境，将环境转换成StandardEnvironment if (this.webApplicationType == WebApplicationType.NONE) { environment = new EnvironmentConverter(getClassLoader()) .convertToStandardEnvironmentIfNecessary(environment); } ConfigurationPropertySources.attach(environment); // 返回环境 return environment;}总结：
获取环境。如果存在就直接返回，否则先创建一个再返回
配置环境
准备监听器环境
将环境绑定到SpringApplication上面
如果不是web应用环境，将环境转换成StandardEnvironment
最后返回环境
6. 打印器
springboot启动的时候会打印springboot的标志以及对应的版本private Banner printBanner(ConfigurableEnvironment environment) {if (this.bannerMode == Banner.Mode.OFF) {return null;}ResourceLoader resourceLoader = (this.resourceLoader != null) ? this.resourceLoader: new DefaultResourceLoader(getClassLoader());SpringApplicationBannerPrinter bannerPrinter = new SpringApplicationBannerPrinter(resourceLoader, this.banner);if (this.bannerMode == Mode.LOG) {return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, logger);}return bannerPrinter.print(environment, this.mainApplicationClass, System.out);}7. 创建Spring应用上下文
protected ConfigurableApplicationContext createApplicationContext() {// 首先进行判断有没有指定的实现类Class> contextClass = this.applicationContextClass;// 如果没有，则根据应用类型选择if (contextClass == null) {try {// 根据webApplicationType的类型去反射创建ConfigurableApplicationContext的具体实例switch (this.webApplicationType) {case SERVLET:contextClass = Class.forName(DEFAULT_SERVLET_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS);break;case REACTIVE:contextClass = Class.forName(DEFAULT_REACTIVE_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS);break;default:contextClass = Class.forName(DEFAULT_CONTEXT_CLASS);}}catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {throw new IllegalStateException("Unable create a default ApplicationContext, please specify an ApplicationContextClass", ex);}}// 通过反射，得到创建的对象return (ConfigurableApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);}总结：
首先进行判断有没有指定的实现类； 如果没有，则根据应用类型选择；
根据webApplicationType的类型去反射创建ConfigurableApplicationContext的具体实例；
最后通过反射，得到创建的对象
对于Web应用，上下文类型是DEFAULT_WEB_CONTEXT_CLASS。
8. 实例化异常报告器
用 getSpringFactoriesInstances() 方法，获取配置的异常类名称，并实例化所有的异常类。
源码剖析
private Collection getSpringFactoriesInstances(Class type, Class>[] parameterTypes, Object... args) {ClassLoader classLoader = getClassLoader();// Use names and ensure unique to protect against duplicates// 使用名称并确保唯一，以防止重复Set names = new LinkedHashSet<>(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(type, classLoader));List instances = createSpringFactoriesInstances(type, parameterTypes, classLoader, args, names);AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(instances);return instances;}9. Spring上下文前置处理
源码剖析
private void prepareContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, ConfigurableEnvironment environment,SpringApplicationRunListeners listeners, ApplicationArguments applicationArguments, Banner printedBanner) {// 给IOC容器设置一些环境属性context.setEnvironment(environment);// 给IOC容器注册一些组件postProcessApplicationContext(context);// 调用初始化方法applyInitializers(context);// 监听器，触发contextPrepared 事件listeners.contextPrepared(context);// 记录启动过程中的日志if (this.logStartupInfo) {logStartupInfo(context.getParent() == null);logStartupProfileInfo(context);}// Add boot specific singleton beans// 添加特定的单例beansConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = context.getBeanFactory();beanFactory.registerSingleton("springApplicationArguments", applicationArguments);if (printedBanner != null) {beanFactory.registerSingleton("springBootBanner", printedBanner);}if (beanFactory instanceof DefaultListableBeanFactory) {((DefaultListableBeanFactory) beanFactory).setAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding(this.allowBeanDefinitionOverriding);}if (this.lazyInitialization) {context.addBeanFactoryPostProcessor(new LazyInitializationBeanFactoryPostProcessor());}// Load the sources// 加载所有资源Set sources = getAllSources();Assert.notEmpty(sources, "Sources must not be empty");// 加载启动类，将启动类注入到容器中去load(context, sources.toArray(new Object[0]));// 触发contextLoaded 事件listeners.contextLoaded(context);}10. Spring上下文刷新
刷新完成以后，会进行后续的一些操作
源码剖析
private void refreshContext(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {// 调用父类的refresh操作refresh(context);if (this.registerShutdownHook) {try {// 注册一个关闭容器时的钩子函数，在JVM关机的时候关闭这个上下文。context.registerShutdownHook();}catch (AccessControlException ex) {// Not allowed in some environments.}}}调用了registerShutdownHook()方法
/** * Register a shutdown hook {@linkplain Thread#getName() named} * {@code SpringContextShutdownHook} with the JVM runtime, closing this * context on JVM shutdown unless it has already been closed at that time. * Delegates to {@code doClose()} for the actual closing procedure. * @see Runtime#addShutdownHook * @see ConfigurableApplicationContext#SHUTDOWN_HOOK_THREAD_NAME * @see #close() * @see #doClose() */@Overridepublic void registerShutdownHook() {if (this.shutdownHook == null) {// No shutdown hook registered yet.this.shutdownHook = new Thread(SHUTDOWN_HOOK_THREAD_NAME) {@Overridepublic void run() {synchronized (startupShutdownMonitor) {// 调用doClose方法，进行容器销毁时的清理工作doClose();}}};Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(this.shutdownHook);}}
11. Spring上下文后置处理
在Spring容器刷新上下文后进行调用，依次调用注册的Runners。
/** * Called after the context has been refreshed. * @param context the application context * @param args the application arguments */protected void afterRefresh(ConfigurableApplicationContext context, ApplicationArguments args) {}private void callRunners(ApplicationContext context, ApplicationArguments args) {List runners = new ArrayList<>();runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(ApplicationRunner.class).values());runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(CommandLineRunner.class).values());AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(runners);// CommandLineRunner、ApplicationRunner 这两个接口，是在容器启动成功后的最后一步进行回调for (Object runner : new LinkedHashSet<>(runners)) {if (runner instanceof ApplicationRunner) {callRunner((ApplicationRunner) runner, args);}if (runner instanceof CommandLineRunner) {callRunner((CommandLineRunner) runner, args);}}}CommandLineRunner、ApplicationRunner 这两个接口，是在容器启动成功后的最后一步进行回调
12. 停止计时器
做计时监听器停止操作，并统计一些任务执行信息
public void stop() throws IllegalStateException { if (this.currentTaskName == null) { throw new IllegalStateException("Can't stop StopWatch: it's not running"); } else { long lastTime = System.nanoTime() - this.startTimeNanos; this.totalTimeNanos += lastTime; this.lastTaskInfo = new StopWatch.TaskInfo(this.currentTaskName, lastTime); if (this.keepTaskList) { this.taskList.add(this.lastTaskInfo); } ++this.taskCount; this.currentTaskName = null; }}13. 发布Spring上下文启动完成事件
void started(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {for (SpringApplicationRunListener listener : this.listeners) {listener.started(context);}}14. 执行所有 Runner 运行器
private void callRunners(ApplicationContext context, ApplicationArguments args) {List runners = new ArrayList<>();runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(ApplicationRunner.class).values());runners.addAll(context.getBeansOfType(CommandLineRunner.class).values());AnnotationAwareOrderComparator.sort(runners);for (Object runner : new LinkedHashSet<>(runners)) {if (runner instanceof ApplicationRunner) {callRunner((ApplicationRunner) runner, args);}if (runner instanceof CommandLineRunner) {callRunner((CommandLineRunner) runner, args);}}}15. 发布Spring上下文就绪事件
void running(ConfigurableApplicationContext context) {for (SpringApplicationRunListener listener : this.listeners) {listener.running(context);}}触发所有 SpringApplicationRunListener 监听器的 running 事件的方法。
325
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
