论述Linux文件系统,linux文件系统(一) - 概述

文件系统架构

结构体

虚拟文件系统提供的struct super_operations, struct inode_operations, struct file_operations由具体的文件系统实现结构体中对应的接口。

struct super_block

struct super_operations

struct super_operations {

struct inode *(*alloc_inode)(struct super_block *sb);

void (*destroy_inode)(struct inode *);

void (*dirty_inode) (struct inode *, int flags);

int (*write_inode) (struct inode *, struct writeback_control *wbc);

int (*drop_inode) (struct inode *);

void (*evict_inode) (struct inode *);

void (*put_super) (struct super_block *);

int (*sync_fs)(struct super_block *sb, int wait);

int (*freeze_fs) (struct super_block *);

int (*unfreeze_fs) (struct super_block *);

int (*statfs) (struct dentry *, struct kstatfs *);

int (*remount_fs) (struct super_block *, int *, char *);

void (*umount_begin) (struct super_block *);

int (*show_options)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);

int (*show_devname)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);

int (*show_path)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);

int (*show_stats)(struct seq_file *, struct dentry *);

int (*bdev_try_to_free_page)(struct super_block*, struct page*, gfp_t);

int (*nr_cached_objects)(struct super_block *);

void (*free_cached_objects)(struct super_block *, int);

};

struct inode

struct inode_operations

struct inode_operations {

struct dentry * (*lookup) (struct inode *,struct dentry *, unsigned int);

void * (*follow_link) (struct dentry *, struct nameidata *);

int (*permission) (struct inode *, int);

struct posix_acl * (*get_acl)(struct inode *, int);

int (*readlink) (struct dentry *, char __user *,int);

void (*put_link) (struct dentry *, struct nameidata *, void *);

int (*create) (struct inode *,struct dentry *, umode_t, bool);

int (*link) (struct dentry *,struct inode *,struct dentry *);

int (*unlink) (struct inode *,struct dentry *);

int (*symlink) (struct inode *,struct dentry *,const char *);

int (*mkdir) (struct inode *,struct dentry *,umode_t);

int (*rmdir) (struct inode *,struct dentry *);

int (*mknod) (struct inode *,struct dentry *,umode_t,dev_t);

int (*rename) (struct inode *, struct dentry *,

struct inode *, struct dentry *);

int (*setattr) (struct dentry *, struct iattr *);

int (*getattr) (struct vfsmount *mnt, struct dentry *, struct kstat *);

int (*setxattr) (struct dentry *, const char *,const void *,size_t,int);

ssize_t (*getxattr) (struct dentry *, const char *, void *, size_t);

ssize_t (*listxattr) (struct dentry *, char *, size_t);

int (*removexattr) (struct dentry *, const char *);

int (*fiemap)(struct inode *, struct fiemap_extent_info *, u64 start,

u64 len);

int (*update_time)(struct inode *, struct timespec *, int);

int (*atomic_open)(struct inode *, struct dentry *,

struct file *, unsigned open_flag,

umode_t create_mode, int *opened);

} ____cacheline_aligned;

struct file

struct file_operations

struct file_operations {

struct module *owner;

loff_t (*llseek) (struct file *, loff_t, int);

ssize_t (*read) (struct file *, char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);

ssize_t (*write) (struct file *, const char __user *, size_t, loff_t *);

ssize_t (*aio_read) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);

ssize_t (*aio_write) (struct kiocb *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t);

int (*readdir) (struct file *, void *, filldir_t);

unsigned int (*poll) (struct file *, struct poll_table_struct *);

long (*unlocked_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);

long (*compat_ioctl) (struct file *, unsigned int, unsigned long);

int (*mmap) (struct file *, struct vm_area_struct *);

int (*open) (struct inode *, struct file *);

int (*flush) (struct file *, fl_owner_t id);

int (*release) (struct inode *, struct file *);

int (*fsync) (struct file *, loff_t, loff_t, int datasync);

int (*aio_fsync) (struct kiocb *, int datasync);

int (*fasync) (int, struct file *, int);

int (*lock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);

ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int);

unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);

int (*check_flags)(int);

int (*flock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);

ssize_t (*splice_write)(struct pipe_inode_info *, struct file *, loff_t *, size_t, unsigned int);

ssize_t (*splice_read)(struct file *, loff_t *, struct pipe_inode_info *, size_t, unsigned int);

int (*setlease)(struct file *, long, struct file_lock **);

long (*fallocate)(struct file *file, int mode, loff_t offset,

loff_t len);

int (*show_fdinfo)(struct seq_file *m, struct file *f);

};

注册文件系统

static struct file_system_type vfat_fs_type = {

.owner = THIS_MODULE,

.name = "vfat",

.mount = vfat_mount,

.kill_sb = kill_block_super,

.fs_flags = FS_REQUIRES_DEV,

}

static int __init init_vfat_fs(void)

{

return register_filesystem(&vfat_fs_type);

}

module_init(init_vfat_fs)

register_filesystem在fs/filesystem.c文件中实现，主要是在全局struct file_system_type *file_systems链表中查找是否已存在文件系统，如果不存在，那么将当前的文件系统添加到全局file_systems链表中

注册super_operations\inode_operations\file_operations

在struct file_system_type结构体中的mount对应的函数是vfat_mount

vfat_mount

mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, vfat_fill_super);

vfat_fill_super

fat_fill_super(sb, data, silent, 1, setup);

sb->s_op = &fat_sops;//struct super_operations，位于inode.c

setup

//struct inode_operations, 位于namei_vfat.c

MSDOS_SB(sb)->dir_ops = &vfat_dir_inode_operations;

在fat_fill_super函数中会赋值struct super_operations，然后通过setup函数赋值struct inode_operations，

继续看看struct inode_operations。

//fs/fat/namei_vfat.c

static const struct inode_operations vfat_dir_inode_operations = {

.create = vfat_create,

.lookup = vfat_lookup,

.unlink = vfat_unlink,

.mkdir = vfat_mkdir,

.rmdir = vfat_rmdir,

.rename = vfat_rename,

.setattr = fat_setattr,

.getattr = fat_getattr,

};

vfat_mkdir

fat_build_inode

fat_fill_inode

if ((de->attr & ATTR_DIR) && !IS_FREE(de->name)) {

inode->i_op = sbi->dir_ops;

inode->i_fop = &fat_dir_operations;

} else { /* not a directory */

inode->i_op = &fat_file_inode_operations;

inode->i_fop = &fat_file_operations;

}

在fat_fill_inode这个函数中会给inode中的struct inode_operations和struct file_operations结构体赋值