乘的英语计算机和驾驶三门课程,Book One Unit One Section A (2)

Ⅰ. Main

Idea

This passage tells us the meaning of going to college. In college

we’ll have more time to ourself, we’ll decide how to spend our own

time and how to make the most of it. Our business is to learn as

much as possible and work hard to get the very best out of the

opportunities that are open to us at college. In this way, we can

prepare ourself for a bright future and be pride of

ourself.

Ⅱ.

Structure

Part I(Para.

1): When you become a college student, you’ll

be happy and proud. But you must be on yourself in whatever you

do.

Part II(Para.

2-4):As a college student, you should make

use of every opportunity and really learn something from the very

beginning.

Part III(Para.

5): If you want to be cool at college, you should study hard

and learn as much as possible.

Ⅲ. Text Learning

1. You’ll have a

great time and a lot of fun on the way.

Paraphrase : You’ll

have a wonderful time and lots of fun at college.

In this sentence, the

phrase “on the way” means “during the years at college”.

Generally, it means : on a route to some place

e.g. : We could call

in on Philip on the way to your mother's.

We were just on the

way when it began to rain.

2. but you will often

have to take the first step in whatever you choose to do

.

"whatever" in

this sentence means “anything”.

Whatever: det

(determiner 限定词). & pron. 1) any (thing) at all

that 任何；什么 …… 都

They eat whatever

(food) they can find. 他们找到什么(吃的)就吃什么。

Do whatever you like.

干你喜欢干的。

2) no matter what; without considering what 无论什么；不管什么

Whatever happens, keep trying. 无论发生什么，别放弃。

Whatever your reason, I shall hold to my idea.

无论你的理由是什么，我都要坚持我的看法。

3) any (else) like that 什么的

This is true of a doctor, a teacher, a worker, or whatever.

这对医生、老师、工人或其他任何人都一样。

Use telephone, letter, email, or whatever to communicate.

通过电话、信、邮件或其他类似的方式交流。

3. Yet your education

is also very serious business.

The word yet in this sentence means “even so ”.

e.g. She is vain and foolish, and yet people like her.

4. True, there will

be many people ready to help you.

Here “ready to help you” modifies “many people”. The meaning of

this part: It’s true that you will meet many people who can give

you help.

5. For a rich full

life of college you should make the most of the opportunities at

hand.

Paraphrase: If you want your college life colorful and meaningful,

you should make full use of the opportunities within

reach.

If

you make the most of something, you use it and enjoy it as

much as possible.

e.g. We are only in

Beijing for one day so let’s make the most of

it.

The phrase “at hand” means “close in space”, “within

reach”.

e.g. I haven't my

photograph album at hand, but I'll show it to you later.

And “at hand” sometimes also means “close in time”, “about

to occur”.

e.g. Election day is

at hand.

6. You know you have

a debt to many people.

Paraphrase: You owe a lot to many people who have done a lot for

you, and you need to do something for them in return for their

help.

7. They have worked

hard to make these opportunities open for you.

“open” in this

sentence is an adjective meaning “available”.

Structure: make

+n./pron. + adj. : make something or somebody in a certain

situation.

e.g. I love this

place in that everything here makes me happy.

Stop complaining. It

makes me nervous.

8. …unless you are

proud of your work.

unless: conj.

used to say what will or will not happen if something else does not

happen or is not true; if … not,

except if

如果不；除非

e.g. I won't go to

the party unless I'm invited. (I won’t go the

party if I am not invited.)

Ⅳ.

Structure Focus

1.

Whatever

These wild flowers

are so special I would do ________ I can to save them.

A. whatever B.

that C.

which D. whichever

此题考查关联词引导宾语从句时的用法。that引导宾语从句时,只起连接作用,在从句中不充当任何成分。which引导宾语从句具有双重作用:一方面起连接作用,同时在从句中充当某种成分,其意思与其作疑问词时的意思相同。弄清whichever与whatever的区别,我们便可确定此题的正确选项为A。

下面重点分析whatever的用法:

一、whatever作连接代词,意为"无论什么;不管什么",连接宾语从句、主语从句。如:

They eat whatever they can find. 他们找到什么就吃什么。

You can take whatever you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。

二、whatever作连接形容词,意为"无论什么样的"。应当注意,

此用法的whatever必须同其被修饰的词一起放在从句前引导从句。如:

I can do whatever work I can find.我可以做我能找到的任何工作。

Whatever difficulties we meet, we can work them

out.无论遇到什么困难，我们都能解决它们。

三、whatever与whichever的区别。

这两个词的意思不同, whatever意为"无论什么;凡是……的事物";

whichever意为"无论哪个;无论哪些”。此外,whichever后也可以接一个名词,当然,在一定的语境中,与whichever连用的名词有时可以省略。如:

You should wear whichever dress suits you best.

什么衣服最适合你穿,你就应该穿什么。

I'll do whatever you ask me to do. 你叫我做什么,我就做什么。

四、whatever与what的区别。

whatever可以引导名词性从句或状语从句;what是个疑问词,用在疑问句中。如:

五、whatever与no matter what的区别。

no matter what 只能引导状语从句,但whatever既可引导状语从句,还可引导名词从句。

Don’t trust him, no

matter what he says.无论他说什么，都别信。

We will be grateful

for whatever amount you can afford. 你买得起多少，我们都欢迎。

Wherever you go ,

whatever you do , I will be right here waiting for you .

无论你走到哪里，无论你做什么，

No matter which

dictionary you want to buy, I'll pay for it.

无论你想买哪本词典,我都愿意付款。

Reference:

《高级英语用法词典》上海外语教育出版社；P1004

Extending

Knowledge

“—ever”的构词形式，我们把学过的这些词归为两大类。

第一类：“however，whenever，wherever”，作连词或者副词。

第二类：“whatever，whichever，whoever”，作代词或者形容词。

下面具体地谈一谈它们各自的用法。

(一)“however”作连词或副词

1.作连词，“不管用什么方法”。

He can go however he likes.

2.作副词，“无论如何”、“不管怎样”

However cold it is,he always goe ming.

I'll come however busy I am

3.作副词，“究竟怎么”(表示惊奇)。

However did you find it?

4.作副词，“不过”、“仍然”、“然而”

He hasn't arrived.He may however later.

(二)“whenever”作连词或副词

1.作连词，“任何时候”。

Whenever we see him we speak

to him.

Come whenever you like.

2.作连词，“每当”、“每逢”“每次”

Whenever that man says “To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's

about to tell a li e .

3.作副词，“任何时间”“任何时候”

He might turn up on Monday , or Friday, or whenever, andexpect

to be given a meal.

Whether they arrive tonight ,tomorrow , or whenever, they'll

bewelcome.

4.作副词，“到底什么时候”。

Whenever will he learn ?

(三)“wherever”作连词或副词

1.作连词，“在任何地方”、“到任何地方”、“在任何情况下”。

Sit wherever you like

2.作副词，“在任何地方”。

He comes from Boula,

wherever that may be, from a　place called Boula,and I have no idea

where it is.

3.作副词，“到底什么地方”。

Wherever did she get that hat.

(四)“whatever”作代词或形容词。

1.“whatever”作代词，／no matter what ／“无论什么”、“无论如何”。

Keep calm,whatever happens

Whatever (No matter what) you may say, I will go.

2.“whatever”作代词，／anything or everything

that／“任何的事物”、“每一……的事物”。

Do whatever you like.

Whatever I have is at your service.

3.作代词“or whatever”“或任何东西”、“诸如此类”

He'd have difficulty in learning any language ——Greek,

Chinese,or whatever.

4.作代词，“到底(究竟)什么”。

Whatever can he mean by that？

5.作形容词，“任何的”、“无论什么的”、“任何种类、程度等的”。

Take whatever measures you consider best.

6.作形容词，在否定句中，置于名词之后，强调否定语气

例如①There can be no doubt whatever about it.

②I have no intention whatever of resigning.

(五)“Whichever” 作代词或形容词

1.“Whichever” 作代词，／anything or everything

“无论哪些”、 “无论哪个”。

Whichever (Anything that) you want is yours.

Take two of the four elective subjects, whichever you

prefer.

2.作代词,“……的那一个”。

Take whichever you like best.

Whichever of you comes in first will receive a prize.

3.作代词，“究竟哪个(哪些)”。

Whichever do you mean?

4. 作形容词，“无论哪个”、“无论哪些”。

He may choose whichever desk he wishes.

(六)“whoever”作代词：

1.“whoever”作代词，／any person who／the person

who／“任何人”、“无论谁”、“……的人”。

Whoever(Anyone who)said it,it's not so.

Whoever says that is wrong.

2.作代词，“到底(究竟)是谁”。

Whoever told you

that?

References:

《英语疑难词典》(修订版)外研社；P615-628

2. Unless

unless是从属连词，引导条件状语从句，含有否定意义，相当于if条件状语从句的否定形式。所以unless = if

not。注意：unless引导的条件状语从句和if条件状语从句，与其它时间状语从句一样，用一般现在时代替将来时。

Unless: conj. 除非, 如果不

1. Unless you take

more care, you’ll have an accident.如果不多加小心的话，你会出事故的。

2. My baby sister

never cries unless she is hungry.

我那刚出生的妹妹除非饿了，否则她是从来不哭的。

3. Don’t promise

anything unless you’re 100 per cent sure.不要作任何的许诺,

除非你有百分百的把握。

4. Unless bad weather

stops me, I jog every day. 除非坏天气作梗，每天我都慢跑。

References:

《英语词汇用法手册》外研社；P279;

《英语疑难词典》(修订版)外研社；P847-848;

Ⅴ. Check-up Exercises

Translating

A. Translate the following into English.

1.

你昨晚在晚会上玩得开心吗？ (have a great time)

Did you have a great time

at the party last night?

2. 这个学期她选修了英语、计算机和驾驶三门课程。(take a course)

This term she has taken

courses in English, computer, and driving.

3. 他女朋友帮了他很多忙，他欠她的情。(have a debt)

He has a debt to his

girlfriend who has helped him a lot.

4. 我明白了一个道理：永远不要让你的朋友失望。(let down)

I have learnt one thing:

never let your friends down.

B. Translate the following into Chinese.

1. True, there will be many people ready to help you, but you

will often have to take the first step in whatever you choose to

do.

的确，会有很多人帮助你，但是无论你决定做什么，你常常得自己走出第一步。

2. As a teacher, I always tell my students to work hard and keep

up from day one.

作为老师，我总是告诉我的学生从第一天开始就努力奋斗、积极向上。

3.For a rich full life of college, you should make the most of

the opportunities at hand.

为了你的大学生活过得充实、丰富，你应该充分利用即将得到的机会。

4.So, as you begin your college career, make up your mind to

learn as much as possible.

因此，在开始你的大学生涯时，请下定决心好好学习吧。