维基百科页面错了,我已经纠正了。 |和&不是布尔运算符,即使它们是渴望的运算符,这只意味着它们不是短路运算符。你可能知道,这里是python和/或操作符的工作原理:
>>> def talk(x):
... print "Evaluating: ", bool(x)
... return x
...
>>> talk(1 == 1) or talk(2 == 1) # 2 == 1 is not evaluated
Evaluating: True
True
>>> talk(1 == 1) and talk(2 == 1)
Evaluating: True
Evaluating: False
False
>>> talk(1 == 2) and talk(1 == 3) # 1 == 3 is not evaluated
Evaluating: False
False
据我所知,python没有热切的布尔运算符,它们必须被明确地编码,例如:
>>> def eager_or(a, b):
... return a or b
...
>>> eager_or(talk(1 == 1), talk(2 == 1))
Evaluating: True
Evaluating: False
True
现在a和b在调用函数时自动进行评估,即使还是短路。
关于|的使用和&,当与数字一起使用时,它们是二进制运算符:
>>> bin(0b11110000 & 0b10101010)
'0b10100000'
>>> bin(0b11110000 | 0b10101010)
'0b11111010'
你最有可能使用|这样与python绑定到使用标志的库,如wxWidgets:
>>> frame = wx.Frame(title="My Frame", style=wx.MAXIMIZE | wx.STAY_ON_TOP)
>>> bin(wx.MAXIMIZE)
'0b10000000000000'
>>> bin(wx.STAY_ON_TOP)
'0b1000000000000000'
>>> bin(wx.MAXIMIZE | wx.STAY_ON_TOP)
'0b1010000000000000'
当与套组一起使用时,它们分别进行交叉和联合操作:
>>> set("abcd") & set("cdef")
set(['c', 'd'])
>>> set("abcd") | set("cdef")
set(['a', 'c', 'b', 'e', 'd', 'f'])