linux 安装python教程,linux中安装python详细步骤

一、安装python

1.下载安装包：https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.13/Python-2.7.13.tgz

2.安装python

[root@localhost mnt]# tar -xvzf Python-2.7.13.tgz

[root@localhost mnt]# cd Python-2.7.13

[root@localhost Python-2.7.13]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python27

checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

checking host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu

checking for --enable-universalsdk... no

checking for --with-universal-archs... 32-bit

checking MACHDEP... linux2

checking EXTRAPLATDIR...

checking for --without-gcc... no

checking for gcc... no

checking for cc... no

checking for cl.exe... no

configure: error: in `/mnt/Python-2.7.10':

configure: error: no acceptable C compiler found in $PATH

See `config.log' for more details

如上，出错了，解决方法：安装gcc

配置好本地yum源后，安装gcc

[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum install gcc

继续安装python

[root@localhost Python-2.7.10]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python27

[root@localhost Python-2.7.10]# make && make install

参考文档

https://docs.python.org/2/using/unix.html

二、安装pip

pip下载地址

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pip

安装pip

[root@localhost mnt]# tar -xvzf pip-7.1.0.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# cd pip-7.1.0

[root@localhost pip-7.1.0]# ls

AUTHORS.txt  docs         MANIFEST.in  pip.egg-info  README.rst  setup.py

CHANGES.txt  LICENSE.txt  pip          PKG-INFO      setup.cfg

[root@localhost pip-7.1.0]# python setup.py install

.....

参考连接：

https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing.html

三、安装robotframework

robotframework下载地址：

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/robotframework

安装robotframework

[root@localhost mnt]# chmod 777 robotframework-2.9.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# tar -xvzf robotframework-2.9.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# cd robotframework-2.9

[root@localhost robotframework-2.9]# python setup.py install

……

查看是否安装成功

[root@localhost robotframework-2.9]# pybot --version

Robot Framework 2.9 (Python 2.6.6 on linux2)

[root@localhost robotframework-2.9]#

参考连接：

http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html#python-installation

问题：robotframework都安装到哪里了？

[root@localhost robotframework-2.9]# find / -name robot

/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/robotframework-2.9-py2.6.egg/robot

/mnt/robotframework-2.9/src/robot

/mnt/robotframework-2.9/build/lib/robot

http://robotframework.org/robotframework/latest/RobotFrameworkUserGuide.html

四、安装robotframework-selenium2library

robotframework-selenium2library下载地址

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/robotframework-selenium2library/

[root@localhost mnt]# chmod 755 robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# tar -xvzf robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# cd robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3

[root@localhost robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3]# python setup.py install

Downloading https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/docutils/docutils-0.12.tar.gz#md5=4622263b62c5c771c03502afa3157768

error: MD5 validation failed for docutils-0.12.tar.gz; possible download problem?

出错了，咋办？解决方法：按提示，下载并安装docutils

docutils下载地址

https://pypi.python.org/pypi/docutils/

https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/d/docutils/docutils-0.12.tar.gz

1.安装docutils

[root@localhost mnt]# chmod 755 docutils-0.12.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# tar -xvzf docutils-0.12.tar.gz

[root@localhost docutils-0.12]# python setup.py install

继续安装robotframework-selenium2library

[root@localhost mnt] cd robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3

[root@localhost robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3]# python setup.py  install

……

/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/robotframework_selenium2library-1.7.3-py2.6.egg

Processing dependencies for robotframework-selenium2library==1.7.3

Searching for selenium>=2.32.0

Reading http://pypi.python.org/simple/selenium/

到这里可能是网络原因，又卡住了，解决方法：

2.下载并安装selenium

selenium下载地址

地址1：https://pypi.python.org/simple/selenium/

地址2：https://pypi.python.org/pypi/selenium/

安装selenium

[root@localhost mnt]# tar -xvzf selenium-2.47.1.tar.gz

[root@localhost mnt]# cd selenium-2.47.1

[root@localhost selenium-2.47.1]# python setup.py  install

3.继续安装robotframework-selenium2library

[root@localhost mnt]# cd robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3

[root@localhost robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3]# ls

build          demo         LICENSE.txt  README.rst              setup.py

BUILD.rst      dist         MANIFEST.in  selenium.bmp            src

CHANGES.rst    doc          PKG-INFO     SELENIUM_COPYRIGHT.txt

COPYRIGHT.txt  INSTALL.rst  README       setup.cfg

[root@localhost robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3]# python setup.py install

……

Using /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/selenium-2.47.1-py2.6.egg

Finished processing dependencies for robotframework-selenium2library==1.7.3

4.检测Selenium2Library是否安装成功

[root@localhost robotframework-selenium2library-1.7.3]# python

Python 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Nov 22 2013, 12:16:22)

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-4)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import Selenium2Library

>>>

在安装过程中出现如下错误：

ImportError: No module named setuptools

[root@localhost MySQL-python-1.2.5]# python setup.py install

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "setup.py", line 7, in

import setuptools

ImportError: No module named setuptools

字面意思是：没有setuptools的模块，说明python缺少这个模块；

解决方法如下：

下载setuptools包

#  wget http://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

解压setuptools包

# tar -xvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

# cd setuptools-0.6c11

编译setuptools

# python setup.py build

开始执行setuptools安装

# python setup.py install

安装完成；

Python错误：No module named setuptools解决方法

在安装过程中出现如下错误：

[root@localhost MySQL-python-1.2.5]# python setup.py install

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "setup.py", line 7, in

import setuptools

ImportError: No module named setuptools

字面意思是：没有setuptools的模块，说明python缺少这个模块；

解决方法如下：

下载setuptools包

#  wgethttp://pypi.python.org/packages/source/s/setuptools/setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

解压setuptools包

# tar -xvf setuptools-0.6c11.tar.gz

# cd setuptools-0.6c11

编译setuptools

# python setup.py build

开始执行setuptools安装

# python setup.py install

安装完成；

Linux下安装oracle

1.确认oracle-instantclient的basic、sqlplus、devel是否已按照成功

2./etc/profile中是否配置正确(类似下列指令)

ORACLE_HOME="/usr/lib/oracle/12.1/client64"

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

特别是export PATH(这一句不能少)

3.使用sudo权限安装cx_Oracle

如果实在不行，可去官网下载源码，自行编译安装

下载linux oracle

cc:zhengjialiang@htsc.com,b

安装路径/usr/lib/oracle

6)创建相关用户和组，作为软件安装和支持组的拥有者。

创建Oracle用户和密码,输入命令：

1

2

3

useradd -g oinstall -g dba -m oracle

passwd oracle