argv的大小受操作系统的限制,并且在不同的操作系统之间变化很大。引用Linux手册页:Limits on size of arguments and environment
Most Unix implementations impose some limit on the total size
of the command-line argument (argv) and environment (envp)
strings that may be passed to a new program. POSIX.1 allows an
implementation to advertise this limit using the ARG_MAX
constant (either defined in or available at run time
using the call sysconf(_SC_ARG_MAX)).
On Linux prior to kernel 2.6.23, the memory used to store the
environment and argument strings was limited to 32 pages
(defined by the kernel constant MAX_ARG_PAGES). On
architectures with a 4-kB page size, this yields a maximum size
of 128 kB.
On kernel 2.6.23 and later, most architectures support a size
limit derived from the soft RLIMIT_STACK resource limit (see
getrlimit(2)) that is in force at the time of the execve()
call. (Architectures with no memory management unit are
excepted: they maintain the limit that was in effect before
kernel 2.6.23.) This change allows programs to have a much
larger argument and/or environment list. For these
architectures, the total size is limited to 1/4 of the allowed
stack size. (Imposing the 1/4-limit ensures that the new
program always has some stack space.) Since Linux 2.6.25, the
kernel places a floor of 32 pages on this size limit, so that,
even when RLIMIT_STACK is set very low, applications are
guaranteed to have at least as much argument and environment
space as was provided by Linux 2.6.23 and earlier. (This
guarantee was not provided in Linux 2.6.23 and 2.6.24.)
Additionally, the limit per string is 32 pages (the kernel
constant MAX_ARG_STRLEN), and the maximum number of strings is
0x7FFFFFFF.