python类里面装饰器_Python通过装饰类将装饰器动态添加到类的方法中

say I have a class:

class x:

def first_x_method(self):

print 'doing first_x_method stuff...'

def second_x_method(self):

print 'doing second_x_method stuff...'

and this decorator

class logger:

@staticmethod

def log(func):

def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):

try:

print "Entering: [%s] with parameters %s" % (func.__name__, args)

try:

return func(*args, **kwargs)

except Exception, e:

print 'Exception in %s : %s' % (func.__name__, e)

finally:

print "Exiting: [%s]" % func.__name__

return wrapped

how would I write another decorator otherdecorator so that:

@otherdecorator(logger.log)

class x:

def first_x_method(self):

print 'doing x_method stuff...'

def first_x_method(self):

print 'doing x_method stuff...'

the same as

class x:

@logger.log

def first_x_method(self):

print 'doing first_x_method stuff...'

@logger.log

def second_x_method(self):

print 'doing second_x_method stuff...'

or in fact replace

@otherdecorator(logger.log)

class x:

with

@otherdecorator

class x:

where otherdecorator contains all the functionality

(I'm not a python person so be gentle)

解决方案

Unless there is a definite reason to use a class as a decorator, I think it is usually easier to use functions to define decorators.

Here is one way to create a class decorator trace, which decorates all methods of a class with the log decorator:

import inspect

def log(func):

def wrapped(*args, **kwargs):

try:

print("Entering: [%s] with parameters %s" % (func.__name__, args))

try:

return func(*args, **kwargs)

except Exception as e:

print('Exception in %s : %s' % (func.__name__, e))

finally:

print("Exiting: [%s]" % func.__name__)

return wrapped

def trace(cls):

# https://stackoverflow.com/a/17019983/190597 (jamylak)

for name, m in inspect.getmembers(cls, lambda x: inspect.isfunction(x) or inspect.ismethod(x)):

setattr(cls, name, log(m))

return cls

@trace

class X(object):

def first_x_method(self):

print('doing first_x_method stuff...')

def second_x_method(self):

print('doing second_x_method stuff...')

x = X()

x.first_x_method()

x.second_x_method()

yields:

Entering: [first_x_method] with parameters (<__main__.X object at 0x7f19e6ae2e80>,)

doing first_x_method stuff...

Exiting: [first_x_method]

Entering: [second_x_method] with parameters (<__main__.X object at 0x7f19e6ae2e80>,)

doing second_x_method stuff...

Exiting: [second_x_method]