SQL> set timing on; //设置显示“已用时间:XXXX”
SQL> set autotrace on-; //设置允许对执行的sql进行分析
SQL> set trimout on; //去除标准输出每行的拖尾空格,缺省为off
SQL> set trimspool on; //去除重定向(spool)输出每行的拖尾空格,缺省为off
SQL> set echo on //设置运行命令是是否显示语句
SQL> set echo off; //显示start启动的脚本中的每个sql命令,缺省为on
SQL> set feedback on; //设置显示“已选择XX行”
SQL> set feedback off; //回显本次sql命令处理的记录条数,缺省为on
SQL> set colsep' '; //输出分隔符
SQL> set heading off; //输出域标题,缺省为on
SQL> set pagesize 0; //输出每页行数,缺省为24,为了避免分页,可设定为0。
SQL> set linesize 80; //输出一行字符个数,缺省为80
SQL> set numwidth 12; //输出number类型域长度,缺省为10
SQL> set termout off; //显示脚本中的命令的执行结果,缺省为on
SQL> set serveroutput on; //设置允许显示输出类似dbms_output
SQL> set verify off //可以关闭和打开提示确认信息old 1和new 1的显示.
COL命令:
主要格式化列的显示形式。
该命令有许多选项,具体如下:
COL[UMN] [{ column|expr} [
option ...]]
Option选项可以是如下的子句:
ALI[AS] alias
CLE[AR]
FOLD_A[FTER]
FOLD_B[EFORE]
FOR[MAT] format
HEA[DING] text
JUS[TIFY] {L[EFT]|C[ENTER]|C[ENTRE]|R[IGHT]}
LIKE { expr|alias}
NEWL[INE]
NEW_V[ALUE] variable
NOPRI[NT]|PRI[NT]
NUL[L] text
OLD_V[ALUE] variable
ON|OFF
WRA[PPED]|WOR[D_WRAPPED]|TRU[NCATED]
1). 改变缺省的列标题
COLUMN
column_name HEADING column_heading
/将列标题column_name 换为
column_heading For example:
Sql>select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME
LOC
---------- ---------------------------- ---------
10 ACCOUNTING
NEW YORK
sql>col LOC
heading location
sql>select * from dept;
DEPTNO DNAME location ---------
---------------------------- -----------
10
ACCOUNTING NEW YORK
2). 将列名NAME改为新列名EMPLOYEE NAME并将新列名放在两行上:
Sql>select * from emp
Department name Salary
---------- ---------- ----------
10 aaa
11
SQL> COLUMN ENAME
HEADING ’Employee|Name’
Sql>select * from emp
Employee
Department name Salary
---------- ----------
---------- 10 aaa
11
note: the col heading turn into two
lines from one line.
3). 改变列的显示长度:
FOR[MAT] format
Sql>select empno,ename,job from emp;
EMPNO ENAME
JOB
---------- ----------
---------
7369 SMITH
CLERK
7499 ALLEN
SALESMAN
7521 WARD SALESMAN
Sql> col ename format a40
EMPNO ENAME
JOB
---------- ----------------------------------------
---------
7369 SMITH
CLERK
7499 ALLEN
SALESMAN
7521 WARD
SALESMAN
4). 设置列标题的对齐方式
JUS[TIFY] {L[EFT]|C[ENTER]|C[ENTRE]|R[IGHT]}
SQL> col ename justify
center
SQL> /