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LinuxLinuxLinux

IDE: /dev/hdxSCSI: /dev/sdx4 hda1,2,3,4hda5

Linux vs. Windowshda2

: PQMagic, FIPSiso: FTP, HTTP, NFS

BIOS swap 12 /

LILO=LInux LoaderGRUB = GRand Unified BootloaderMBR =Main Boot Record

login: : # $ X Windowstartxstartx -- :1

/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType

Linux/\. ()255

51. history (/etc/profile)2. Auto complete3. alias (/etc/bashrc)4. / 5. COPY PASTE

Ctrl+Alt+Fn (n=1-6) Alt+Fn Alt+F7 Alt+F8(Alt+F2) rxvt konsole

vi

vi I AO ESC :w :q :wq :q! :wq!

vi ddn yny pabc /abc :1 :$ ZZshiftzz

Linux/bin /sbin /usr/bin /usr/sbin /usr/local/bin/boot /initrd initrd.img

Linux/opt /tmp /lost+found/root

/dev device bblockccharacter hda33 mknod major minor mknod /dev/hda33 b 3 33 /dev/cdrom /dev/fd0 /dev/ttyS0

/etc /etc/lilo.conf /etc/grub.conf /etc/inittab/etc/fstab/etc/profile /etc/bashrc/etc/rc.local

LILO/etc/lilo.confliloprompt timeout=50 (5) default=linux () boot=/dev/hda (lilo) label=linux () other=/dev/hdax label=xxxx (x)

/boot/grub/grub.conf/etc/grub.confGRUB(hd0)(hd0,0)title xxxxxxx rootnoverify(hd0,6) 7 chainloader +1

Ex:Linux OS1LinuxgrubMBR2Linuxgrub3grubgrub

/etc/inittab: init 0haltpoweroff shutdown -h now: init 6reboot shutdown -r now init 3 init 5 init 1

/etc/fstab/dev/hda11/ext3defaults1dumpcache1dumpfsck

/homezhang /home/zhanguseradd username passwd username /etc/passwd/etc/shadow/etc/skel

/lib /lib /lib/modules/2.4.208/kernel/drivers /usr/lib/

/mnt mount /mnt/cdrom (mount -t iso9660 /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom mount -t ) umount /mnt/cdromeject ejetc -t mount -t fstype /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy: -o iocharset=cp936

/proc cpuinfo CUPinterrupts meminfo cat version Linux uname -amore /proc/pci pcivi /etc/sysconfig/hwconf (kudzu)rfsysinfo

/usr /usr/doc /usr/share/docman commandinfo commandcommand --helpman ls | col -b > ls.man

/var/var/ftp /var/www/var/spool/var/logtail -f /var/log/messageslast

fdiskfdisk /dev/hdampdnlwq

ExLinux1fdisk23mkfs.ext34mount5/etc/fstab

dmesgfdisk -l df -h du -sh uname -a Linux

(Detail in Following Slides) ()

XConfigVESA/etc/X11/XF86Config-4$HOME/.kde

xnetware/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0 IPADDR=192.168.0.11 IP NETMASK=255.255.255.0 /etc/sysconfig/network HOSTNAME=www.redflag.com GATEWAY=192.168.0.1

ifconfigpingroute ntraceroute IP/hostnamenetstat nmap IP_ADDR -p 1-65535

/etc/modules.conf lsmod rmmod insmod modinfo modprobe

diff 12 cmp12

find [] find /etc -name passwd-size -type locate locate -u &grep [] [...]

rwx rwx rwx ownergroupothersrwxr-x--- 111101000 750 chmod 750/

// owner chown/ group chgrp

> ls > filelist echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all cat /proc/sys/net/ipv4/icmp_echo_ignore_all < 2> &>

() Symbolic Link ln -s HardLink ln

ps auxps efkill PIDkill -9 PIDkillall mozilla-bintoprfmodxkillCtrl+Alt+BkSp

rpmrpm -ivh rpm rpmrpm -Uvh rpm rpmrpm -e rpm rpmrpm -qi rpm -qf `which ` rpm -ql http://www.rpmfind.net

boot:linux askmethod KickStart

superblock inode data block directory block

ext3 ext2ReiserFSvfatxfs

1-2RAM

RAIDRedundant Array of Inexpensive Disks RAID0 RAID1 RIAD4 RAID5

LVMLogic Volume Managerrflvm

rfquota

rfuser

cron /etc/cron.d//etc/cron.daily/etc/cron.hourly/etc/cron.weekly/etc/cron.monthlyrfcron

/var/logtail -f /var/log/messagerflogview

CPUI/Otopsaruptimepsvmstatrfmon

/proclspcivi /proc/pcivi /etc/sysconfig/hwconfrfsysinfo

/etc/rc.d/init.d//etc/init.d/ service

rpmrpmrpmmanagertar

tarbzip2gzip

TCP/IP

sshscpsftprootX Window

rfsysvntsysv (setup)chkconfig/etc/init.d/ service

xinetdtelnet/etc/xinetd.conf/etc/xinetd.d//etc/init.d/xinetd restart

: www man info doc Redmin/SSH/telnet/webmin RF_GUI (/)

DNSDomain Name System rfdns63nslookup

WEBrfapachePHP

sendmail postfixDNSMX SMTP POP3

FTPFile Transfer Protocolproftpdrfproftpd ftpwho ftpcount

/SQUIDrfsquid

DHCPDynamic Host Configuration Protocolrfdhcp

NFSNetwork File System /etc/exports/etc/init.d/portmap start/etc/init.d/nfs startshowmount -e IP/

sambaSMB/etc/samba/smb.conftestparmPDCLinux

LinuxLinuxRAIDRAIDrfquota