python3urllib request_Python3内置http.client，urllib.request及三方库requests发送请求对比...

一、HTTP,GET请求,无参

GET http://httpbin.org/get

1、Python3 http.client

import http.client

#1.建立http连接

conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(“httpbin.org”)

#2.发送get请求，指定接口路径

conn.request(“GET”, ‘/get’)

#3.获取响应

res = conn.getresponse()

#4.解析响应

print(res.read().encode(“utf-8”)) # 自己解码

2、Python3 urllib.request

import urllib

res = urllib.request.urlopen(“http://httpbin.org/get”)

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”)) # 自己解码

3、Python3 requests

import requests

res = requests.get(“http://httpbin.org/get”)

print(res.text) # 自动按默认utf-8解码

二、HTTPS,GET请求,带中文参数

GET http://httpbin.org/get?name=张三&age=12

1、Python3 http.client

import http.client

import urllib.parse

conn = http.client.HTTPSConnection(“httpbin.org”)

url = urllib.parse.quote("/get?name=张三&age=12", safe=’??=&’) # 进行url编码

conn.request(“GET”, url)

res = conn.getresponse()

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”)) # 自己解码

2、Python3 urllib.request

import urllib

import urllib.parse

url = urllib.parse.quote(“https://httpbin.org/get?name=张三&age=12”, safe=’??=&’) # 进行url编码

res = urllib.request.urlopen(“url”)

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”)) # 自己解码

3、Python3 requests

import requests

res = requests.get(“https://httpbin.org/get?name=张三&age=12”) # 自动编码

print(res.text) # 自动按默认utf-8解码

三、Post x-www-form-urlencoded传统表单请求

POST http://httpbin.org/post 请求数据: name=张三&age=12

1、Python3 http.client

import http.client

import urllib.parse

conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(“httpbin.org”)

data = urllib.parse.urlencode({“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}).encode(“utf-8”) # 对数据进行url编码及utf-8编码

conn.request(“POST”, ‘/post’, data)

res = conn.getresponse()

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”))

2、Python3 urllib.request

import urllib

import urllib.parse

import urllib.request

data = urllib.parse.urlencode({“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}).encode(“utf-8”) # 对数据进行url编码及utf-8编码

req = urllib.request.Request(“http://httpbin.org/post”, data=data)

res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”))

3、Python3 requests

import requests

data = {“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}

res = requests.post(“http://httpbin.org/post”, data=data) # 自动编码

print(res.text)

四、Post application/json请求

POST http://httpbin.org/post 请求数据: {“name”: “张三”,“age”: 12}

1、Python3 http.client

import http.client

import urllib.parse

import json

conn = http.client.HTTPConnection(“httpbin.org”)

data = ‘{“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}’.encode(‘utf-8’) # 或data = json.dumps({“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12})

headers = {“Content-Type”: “application/json”}

conn.request(“POST”, ‘/post’, data, headers)

res = conn.getresponse()

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”))

2、Python3 urllib.request

import urllib

import urllib.parse

import urllib.request

import json

data = ‘{“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}’.encode(‘utf-8’) # 或data = json.dumps({“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12})

headers = {“Content-Type”: “application/json”}

req = urllib.request.Request(“http://httpbin.org/post”, data=data, headers=headers)

res = urllib.request.urlopen(req)

print(res.read().decode(“utf-8”))

3、Python3 requests

import requests

data = {“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}

res = requests.post(“http://httpbin.org/post”, json=data)

print(res.json()) # 转为字典格式

或

import requests

import json

data = {“name”:“张三”, “age”: 12}

headers = {“Content-Type”: “application/json”}

res = requests.post(“http://httpbin.org/post”, data=json.dumps(data), headers=headers)

print(res.json()) # 转为字典格式

参考链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/491d6590b2a0