xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><class><student><firstname>cxx1firstname><lastname>Bob1lastname><nickname>stars1nickname><marks>85marks>student><student rollno="493"><firstname>cxx2firstname><lastname>Bob2lastname><nickname>stars2nickname><marks>85marks>student><student rollno="593"><firstname>cxx3firstname><lastname>Bob3lastname><nickname>stars3nickname><marks>85marks>student>class>
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1.DOM方式
package com.cxx.xml;import org.w3c.dom.*;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;/**
* @Author: cxx
* Dom操作xml
* @Date: 2018/5/29 20:19
*/public class DomDemo {//用Element方式public static void element(NodeList list){for (int i = 0; i Element element = (Element) list.item(i);
NodeList childNodes = element.getChildNodes();for (int j = 0; j if (childNodes.item(j).getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {//获取节点
System.out.print(childNodes.item(j).getNodeName() + ":");//获取节点值
System.out.println(childNodes.item(j).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
}
}
}
}public static void node(NodeList list){for (int i = 0; i Node node = list.item(i);
NodeList childNodes = node.getChildNodes();for (int j = 0; j if (childNodes.item(j).getNodeType()==Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {
System.out.print(childNodes.item(j).getNodeName() + ":");
System.out.println(childNodes.item(j).getFirstChild().getNodeValue());
}
}
}
}public static void main(String[] args) {//1.创建DocumentBuilderFactory对象
DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();//2.创建DocumentBuilder对象try {
DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
Document d = builder.parse("src/main/resources/demo.xml");
NodeList sList = d.getElementsByTagName("student");//element(sList);
node(sList);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
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结果截图
2.SAX方式
package com.cxx.xml;import org.xml.sax.Attributes;import org.xml.sax.SAXException;import org.xml.sax.helpers.DefaultHandler;import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParser;import javax.xml.parsers.SAXParserFactory;/**
* @Author: cxx
* SAX解析DOM
* 一行一行 Handler
* startElement
* endElement
* @Date: 2018/5/29 20:03
*/public class SaxDemo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1.或去SAXParserFactory实例
SAXParserFactory factory = SAXParserFactory.newInstance();//2.获取SAXparser实例
SAXParser saxParser = factory.newSAXParser();//创建Handel对象
SAXDemoHandel handel = new SAXDemoHandel();
saxParser.parse("src/main/resources/demo.xml",handel);
}
}
class SAXDemoHandel extends DefaultHandler {//遍历xml文件开始标签@Overridepublic void startDocument() throws SAXException {super.startDocument();
System.out.println("sax解析开始");
}//遍历xml文件结束标签@Overridepublic void endDocument() throws SAXException {super.endDocument();
System.out.println("sax解析结束");
}@Overridepublic void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);if (qName.equals("student")){
System.out.println("============开始遍历student=============");//System.out.println(attributes.getValue("rollno"));
}else if (!qName.equals("student")&&!qName.equals("class")){
System.out.print("节点名称:"+qName+"----");
}
}@Overridepublic void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);if (qName.equals("student")){
System.out.println(qName+"遍历结束");
System.out.println("============结束遍历student=============");
}
}@Overridepublic void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {super.characters(ch, start, length);
String value = new String(ch,start,length).trim();if (!value.equals("")) {
System.out.println(value);
}
}
}
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结果截图
3.JDOM方式
<dependency><groupId>org.jdomgroupId><artifactId>jdomartifactId><version>1.1.3version>dependency>
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package com.cxx.xml;import org.jdom.Attribute;import org.jdom.Document;import org.jdom.Element;import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileInputStream;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.List;/**
* @Author: cxx
* JDom解析xml
* 快速开发XML应用程序。
* 是一个开源项目
* JDOM主要用来弥补DOM和SAX在实际应用当中的不足。
* @Date: 2018/5/30 11:44
*/public class JDomDemo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1.创建SAXBuilder对象
SAXBuilder saxBuilder = new SAXBuilder();//2.创建输入流
InputStream is = new FileInputStream(new File("src/main/resources/demo.xml"));//3.将输入流加载到build中
Document document = saxBuilder.build(is);//4.获取根节点
Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();//5.获取子节点
List children = rootElement.getChildren();for (Element child : children) {
System.out.println("通过rollno获取属性值:"+child.getAttribute("rollno"));
List attributes = child.getAttributes();//打印属性for (Attribute attr : attributes) {
System.out.println(attr.getName()+":"+attr.getValue());
}
List childrenList = child.getChildren();
System.out.println("======获取子节点-start======");for (Element o : childrenList) {
System.out.println("节点名:"+o.getName()+"---"+"节点值:"+o.getValue());
}
System.out.println("======获取子节点-end======");
}
}
}
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结果截图
4.DOM4J方式
<dependency><groupId>dom4jgroupId><artifactId>dom4jartifactId><version>1.6.1version>dependency>
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package com.cxx.xml;import org.dom4j.Attribute;import org.dom4j.Document;import org.dom4j.DocumentException;import org.dom4j.Element;import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;import java.io.File;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.List;/**
* @Author: cxx
* Dom4j解析xml
* @Date: 2018/5/30 12:21
*/public class Dom4JDemo {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {//1.创建Reader对象
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader();//2.加载xml
Document document = reader.read(new File("src/main/resources/demo.xml"));//3.获取根节点
Element rootElement = document.getRootElement();
Iterator iterator = rootElement.elementIterator();while (iterator.hasNext()){
Element stu = (Element) iterator.next();
List attributes = stu.attributes();
System.out.println("======获取属性值======");for (Attribute attribute : attributes) {
System.out.println(attribute.getValue());
}
System.out.println("======遍历子节点======");
Iterator iterator1 = stu.elementIterator();while (iterator1.hasNext()){
Element stuChild = (Element) iterator1.next();
System.out.println("节点名:"+stuChild.getName()+"---节点值:"+stuChild.getStringValue());
}
}
}
}
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总结
比较
1)DOM4J性能最好,连Sun的JAXM也在用DOM4J.目前许多开源项目中大量采用DOM4J,例如大名鼎鼎的Hibernate也用DOM4J来读取XML配置文件。如果不考虑可移植性,那就采用DOM4J.
2)JDOM和DOM在性能测试时表现不佳,在测试10M文档时内存溢出。在小文档情况下还值得考虑使用DOM和JDOM.虽然JDOM的开发者已经说明 他们期望在正式发行版前专注性能问题,但是从性能观点来看,它确实没有值得推荐之处。另外,DOM仍是一个非常好的选择。DOM实现广泛应用于多种编程语 言。它还是许多其它与XML相关的标准的基础,因为它正式获得W3C推荐(与基于非标准的Java模型相对),所以在某些类型的项目中可能也需要它(如在 javascript中使用DOM)。
3)SAX表现较好,这要依赖于它特定的解析方式-事件驱动。一个SAX检测即将到来的XML流,但并没有载入到内存(当然当XML流被读入时,会有部分文档暂时隐藏在内存中)。
运行时如果有错误可能原因
1.错误现象: Caused by: org.xml.sax.SAXParseException: Content is not allowed in prolog.
解决办法:xml文件换行问题,编写xml文件时不要换行就可以了.
2.dom4j
错误现象: org.dom4j.DocumentException: Error on line 1 of document : Content is not allowed in prolog.
解决方法:dom4j的jar包使用dom4j1.6就可以了.
参考:
https://blog.csdn.net/m0_37499059/article/details/80505567
https://blog.csdn.net/wangliyingligong/article/details/4161941
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_33755554/article/details/93080091