oracle instant client setup,Install Oracle Instant Client on Linux and Windows

前言

本篇文章用最简单和快速的方法介绍如何在 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 安装 Oracle Instant Client，该方法同样适用于 Windows，RHEL5/6/7，OEL，CentOS。Oracle Instant Client 是官方免费授权的一种比 Oracle Client 还要简单的数据库管理工具，通过 SQL*Plus 或者其它工具比如 Navicat 等用于快速连接和管理 Oracle 数据库服务器。

Install Oracle instantclient basic and instantclient sqlplus on Linux and Windows.

更新记录

2017 年 08 月 10 日 - 初稿

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Oracle Instant Client Downloads

文章内容均已 64 位版本为例，如果客户端有特殊需求请使用 32 位版本兼容

Linux Oracle Instant Client 推荐使用 RPM 方式安装，如果需要定制具体路径可以使用 zip 包手动配置

Windows 和 Linux 类似但需要主要 PATH 环境变量的配置

实测 12 版本客户端可以向下兼容 11 版本的数据库服务器，Oracle Instant Client 12.2.0.1.0，Oracle Database 11.2.0.3.0

Linux

以 RPM 最简方式为例

Preparation

Download all the required RPM from the official site and put them on the target system.

Current RPMs for 64bit are:

oracle-instantclient12.2-basic-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

oracle-instantclient12.2-sqlplus-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

Install RPMs

# install as root

rpm -ivh oracle-instantclient12.2-basic-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm oracle-instantclient12.2-sqlplus-12.2.0.1.0-1.x86_64.rpm

# create oracle group and user

groupadd dba

useradd -g dba oracle

echo oracle:oracle | chpasswd

# configure profile

su - oracle

vi ~/.bash_profile

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/lib

export TNS_ADMIN=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/

export PATH=/usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/bin:$PATH

# Connect to Your database with:

sqlplus system/[email protected]

# create new tnsnames.ora

# ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified

vim /usr/lib/oracle/12.2/client64/tnsnames.ora

oracapdb =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.28.70.244)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = oracapdb)

)

)

# You can also use the Easy Connect connection string format (does not use TNSNAMES):

sqlplus system/[email protected]//172.28.70.244:1521/oracapdb

Windows

Windows 的配置相比 Linux 差不多简单，注意环境变量尤其是 TNS_ADMIN

Preparation

unzip files

# 下载解压以下两个包至目录，比如 C:\instantclient_12_2

instantclient-basic-windows.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip

instantclient-sqlplus-windows.x64-12.2.0.1.0.zip

# 设置环境变量

计算机右键 [属性] ---- [高级系统设置] ---- [环境变量] ---- [系统变量] ---- [ Path ]

# Setup your system %PATH% and %TNS_ADMIN% variables

C:\instantclient_12_2

# Connect to Your database with:

sqlplus system/[email protected]

# TNS_ADMIN

# ORA-12154: TNS:could not resolve the connect identifier specified

Variable Name: TNS_ADMIN

Variable Value: C:\instantclient_12_2

# create new tnsnames.ora

C:\instantclient_12_2\tnsnames.ora

oracapdb =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.28.70.244)(PORT = 1521))

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = oracapdb)

)

)

# You can also use the Easy Connect connection string format (does not use TNSNAMES):

sqlplus system/[email protected]//172.28.70.244:1521/oracapdb