linux几种信号量的用法,Linux信号量的用法

基本函数：

//semaphore function

int create_sem(key_t key, int members)

{

int cntr;

union semun semopts;

int semid;

jprintf("Attempting to create new semaphore set with %d members/n",members);

if((semid = semget(key, members, IPC_CREAT|IPC_EXCL|0666)) == -1)

{

jprintf("Semaphore set already exists!/n");

return -1;

}

semopts.val = 1; //最大的资源个数，这里就是互斥锁的功能，所以就是 0 | 1 , 二值信号量

/* Initialize all members (could be done with SETALL) */

for(cntr=0; cntr

semctl(semid, cntr, SETVAL, semopts); //cntr 这里是信号量集里面得信号灯的索引！

return semid;

}

int open_sem(key_t key)

{

int semid;

/* Open the semaphore set - do not create! */

if((semid = semget(key, 0, 0666)) == -1)

{

jprintf("Semaphore set does not exist!/n");

}

return semid;

}

int lock_sem(int semid, int member)

{

struct sembuf sem_lock={ member, -1, SEM_UNDO};//-1 :decrease, 1:increase

int semval;

jprintf(" ----------------------------------in begin to get semaphore ---------------------------------/n");

semval = semctl(semid, member, GETVAL, 0);

jprintf("current value = %d/n",semval);

if( semop(semid, &sem_lock, 1) == -1) //it will be blocked until get the access

{

fprintf(stderr, "Lock failed/n");

return -1;

}

else

jprintf("Semaphore resources decremented by one (locked)/n");

semval = semctl(semid, member, GETVAL, 0);

jprintf("semval for member %d is %d/n", member, semval);

jprintf("-------------------------------------Has get semaphore -------------------------------------/n");

return 0;

}

int unlock_sem(int semid, int member)

{

struct sembuf sem_unlock={ member, 1, SEM_UNDO };

int semval;

/* Is the semaphore set locked? */

semval = semctl(semid, member, GETVAL, 0);

jprintf("/n-----------------------in unlock_sem ----------------------------/n");

jprintf("current semaphore value = %d/n",semval);

if(semval > 0) {

jprintf("it has been unlocked , I did nothing /n");

return 0;

}

/* Attempt to lock the semaphore set */

if((semop(semid, &sem_unlock, 1)) == -1)

{

fprintf(stderr, "Unlock failed/n");

return -1;

}

else

printf("Semaphore resources incremented by one (unlocked)/n");

semval = semctl(semid, member, GETVAL, 0);

jprintf("semval for member %d is %d/n", member, semval);

jprintf("----------------------------unlock sem --------------------------------/n");

return 0;

} 例子：

/**

* query those files which are downloading from share memory to get status info

* generally , conf_name is /etc/shm.conf

for CGI , should have a version for Socket query

int QueryShmForClient(DownloadFileInfoList *DList ,const char *conf_name , const char *client_ip);

**/

int QueryShm(DownloadFileInfoList *DList, const char *conf_name) //etc/shm.conf

{

char ptr[128];

FILE *fp = NULL;

int fd = 0;

char *seg = NULL;

key_t key;

int shmid; //share memory ID

int semid; //semaphore ID

void *segptr = NULL;

int downloading_num = 0;

int rc = 0;

assert(DList);

fp = fopen(conf_name,"rt");

if(!fp) {

fatal_err("can't open /etc/shm.conf/n");

LogMesg("can't open /etc/shm.conf , maybe /etc/shm.conf doesn't exist any longer /n");

return SERVER_CANNOT_OPEN_SHM_CONF;

}

assert(fp);

fd = fileno(fp);

//lockf(fd,F_LOCK,0);

readw_lock(fd,0,SEEK_SET,0);

while(fgets(ptr,sizeof(ptr),fp)) { //get a line

DownloadFileInfo *doingJob_entry = (DownloadFileInfo *)malloc(sizeof(DownloadFileInfo));

//assert(doingJob_entry);

if(!doingJob_entry) {

fatal_err("can't malloc DownloadFileInfo struct entry /n");

continue;

}

jprintf("ptr = %s/n",ptr);

seg = strrchr(ptr,':');

if(seg == NULL) {

jprintf("can't find /':/' in %s , maybe this line in shm.conf has problem ,please check %s/n",ptr,SHM_CONF);

continue;

}

*seg = '/0';

//now ptr should be fullpathname ,ie, /harddisk/hd~2/data/public/bob/linux-2.4.21.tar.gz

//---------------------------Start reading share memory----------------------------

key = ftok(ptr,0);

// ----------------------------------semaphore mutex lock -------------------------------------

#if 0

semid = open_sem(key); //get a ID of a existing semaphore set

if(semid < 0) {

fatal_err("get semaphore failure , job name (%s) /n",ptr);

continue;

}

rc = lock_sem(semid ,0);

if(rc < 0) {

fatal_err("Sorry ,lock failed for(%s) /n",ptr);

continue;

}

jprintf("haha , you have get the mutex lock , you can read the share memory segment !/n");

#endif

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

if((shmid = shmget(key, SEGSIZE, 0444)) == -1) {

fatal_err("can't get share memory ,key(%s) /n",key);

LogMesg("the key (%s) of file (%s) 's share memory looks that has problem(shmget error ) ,please check /n",key,SHM_CONF);

//return SERVER_SHMGET_FAIL;

continue;

}

else {

jprintf("shmid = %d/n",shmid);

jprintf("has attached memory segment/n");

}

/* Attach (map) the shared memory segment into the current process */

if((segptr = shmat(shmid, 0, 0)) == NULL) {

fatal_err("can't shmat share memory ,key (%s) /n",key);

LogMesg("the key (%s) of file (%s) 's share memory looks that has problem(shmat error ) ,please check /n",key,SHM_CONF);

//return SERVER_SHMAT_ERROR;

continue;

}

//memcpy(doingJob_entry,(DownloadFileInfo *)segptr,sizeof(DownloadFileInfo)); fill the doingJob_entry , if problem ,single assign ,bob 2005-12-29 10:51

*doingJob_entry = *((DownloadFileInfo *)segptr);

shmdt(segptr);

//unlock the mutex lock

#if 0

unlock_sem(semid,0);

#endif

AddDownloadFileInfoList(DList,doingJob_entry); //add the node into the List

downloading_num++;

} //endof while(fgets(ptr,sizeof(ptr),fp))

//lockf(fd,F_ULOCK,0);

un_lock(fd,0,SEEK_SET,0);

fclose(fp);

if(downloading_num==0) {

jprintf("there is no job downloading in share memory /n");

}

else {

jprintf("there is %d files downloading /n",downloading_num);

}

return 0;

}