python中spider的用法_Python Scrapy框架：通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法简单示例

本文实例讲述了Python Scrapy框架：通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

步骤01: 创建爬虫项目

scrapy startproject quotes

步骤02: 创建爬虫模版

scrapy genspider -t quotes quotes.toscrape.com

步骤03: 配置爬虫文件quotes.py

import scrapy

from scrapy.spiders import CrawlSpider, Rule

from scrapy.linkextractors import LinkExtractor

class Quotes(CrawlSpider):

# 爬虫名称

name = "get_quotes"

allow_domain = ['quotes.toscrape.com']

start_urls = ['http://quotes.toscrape.com/']

# 设定规则

rules = (

# 对于quotes内容页URL，调用parse_quotes处理，

# 并以此规则跟进获取的链接

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/page/\d+'), callback='parse_quotes', follow=True),

# 对于author内容页URL，调用parse_author处理，提取数据

Rule(LinkExtractor(allow=r'/author/\w+'), callback='parse_author')

)

# 提取内容页数据方法

def parse_quotes(self, response):

for quote in response.css(".quote"):

yield {'content': quote.css('.text::text').extract_first(),

'author': quote.css('.author::text').extract_first(),

'tags': quote.css('.tag::text').extract()

}

# 获取作者数据方法

def parse_author(self, response):

name = response.css('.author-title::text').extract_first()

author_born_date = response.css('.author-born-date::text').extract_first()

author_bron_location = response.css('.author-born-location::text').extract_first()

author_description = response.css('.author-description::text').extract_first()

return ({'name': name,

'author_bron_date': author_born_date,

'author_bron_location': author_bron_location,

'author_description': author_description

})

步骤04: 运行爬虫

scrapy crawl quotes

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希望本文所述对大家基于Scrapy框架的Python程序设计有所帮助。

本文标题: Python Scrapy框架：通用爬虫之CrawlSpider用法简单示例

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