spring boot ajax 500,springboot2.x处理404、500等异常

404错误

404错误是不经过Controller的，所以使用@ControllerAdvice或@RestControllerAdvice无法获取到404错误

springboot2处理404错误的两种方式

第一种：直接配置

#出现错误时, 直接抛出异常

spring.mvc.throw-exception-if-no-handler-found=true

这种方式不太适用实际开发，比如和swagger集成时，访问/swagger-ui.html会出现404异常

第二种：继承ErrorController来处理错误

import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.error.ErrorController;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

@Controller

public class MyErrorController implements ErrorController {

@RequestMapping("/error")

public String handleError(HttpServletRequest request){

//获取statusCode:401,404,500

Integer statusCode = (Integer) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");

if(statusCode == 500){

return "/error/500";

}else if(statusCode == 404){

//对应的是/error/404.html、/error/404.jsp等，文件位于/templates下面

return "/error/404";

}else if(statusCode == 403){

return "/403";

}else{

return "/500";

}

}

@Override

public String getErrorPath() {

return "/error";

}

}

import com.bettn.common.util.Result;

import com.bettn.common.util.WebUtils;

import org.apache.shiro.ShiroException;

import org.slf4j.Logger;

import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestControllerAdvice;

import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import org.springframework.web.servlet.NoHandlerFoundException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

/**

* 全局异常捕获处理

*/

@RestControllerAdvice

public class ExceptionControllerAdvice {

private static final Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(ExceptionControllerAdvice.class);

// 捕捉shiro的异常

@ExceptionHandler(ShiroException.class)

public Result handle401() {

return new Result(401,"您没有权限访问！",null);

}

// 捕捉其他所有异常

@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)

public Object globalException(HttpServletRequest request, HandlerMethod handlerMethod, Throwable ex) {

if(WebUtils.isAjax(handlerMethod)){

return new Result(getStatus(request).value(), "访问出错，无法访问: " + ex.getMessage(), null);

}else {

ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

modelAndView.setViewName("/error/500"); //这里需要在templates文件夹下新建一个/error/500.html文件用作错误页面

modelAndView.addObject("errorMsg",ex.getMessage());

return modelAndView;

}

}

/**

* 判断是否是Ajax请求

*

* @param request

* @return

*/

public boolean isAjax(HttpServletRequest request) {

return (request.getHeader("X-Requested-With") != null &&

"XMLHttpRequest".equals(request.getHeader("X-Requested-With").toString()));

}

// @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)

// public Result globalException(HttpServletRequest request, Throwable ex) {

// return new Result(getStatus(request).value(),"访问出错，无法访问: " + ex.getMessage(),null);

// }

/**

* 获取响应状态码

* @param request

* @return

*/

private HttpStatus getStatus(HttpServletRequest request) {

Integer statusCode = (Integer) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code");

if (statusCode == null) {

return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;

}

return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode);

}

/**

* 捕捉404异常,这个方法只在配置

* spring.mvc.throw-exception-if-no-handler-found=true来后起作用

*

*/

@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)

@ExceptionHandler(NoHandlerFoundException.class)

public Result handle(HttpServletRequest request,NoHandlerFoundException e) {

System.out.println(12);

return new Result(404,"没有【"+request.getMethod()+"】"+request.getRequestURI()+"方法可以访问",null);

}

}

这个异常类与ExceptionControllerAdvice连用，ExceptionControllerAdvice类除了不能处理404异常以外，其他异常都可以处理，其中

globalException异常这个方法会捕获500错误，导致MyErrorController无法捕获到500错误，从而跳转到500页面,也就是说MyErrorController在这个项目中

只能捕获404异常

500异常捕获

500异常分为ajax和直接跳转500页面

具体的异常捕获，代码如何下：

// 捕捉其他所有异常

@ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)

public Object globalException(HttpServletRequest request, HandlerMethod handlerMethod, Throwable ex) {

if(WebUtils.isAjax(handlerMethod)){

return new Result(getStatus(request).value(), "访问出错，无法访问: " + ex.getMessage(), null);

}else {

ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();

modelAndView.setViewName("/error/500"); //这里需要在templates文件夹下新建一个/error/500.html文件用作错误页面

modelAndView.addObject("errorMsg",ex.getMessage());

return modelAndView;

}

}

import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;

public class WebUtils extends org.springframework.web.util.WebUtils {

/**

* 判断是否ajax请求

* spring ajax 返回含有 ResponseBody 或者 RestController注解

* @param handlerMethod HandlerMethod

* @return 是否ajax请求

*/

public static boolean isAjax(HandlerMethod handlerMethod) {

ResponseBody responseBody = handlerMethod.getMethodAnnotation(ResponseBody.class);

if (null != responseBody) {

return true;

}

// 获取类上面的Annotation，可能包含组合注解，故采用spring的工具类

Class> beanType = handlerMethod.getBeanType();

responseBody = AnnotationUtils.getAnnotation(beanType, ResponseBody.class);

if (null != responseBody) {

return true;

}

return false;

}

public static String getCookieValue(HttpServletRequest request, String cookieName) {

Cookie cookie=getCookie(request, cookieName);

return cookie==null?null:cookie.getValue();

}

public static void removeCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String cookieName) {

setCookie(response, cookieName, null, 0);

}

public static void setCookie(HttpServletResponse response, String cookieName, String cookieValue,

int defaultMaxAge) {

Cookie cookie=new Cookie(cookieName,cookieValue);

cookie.setHttpOnly(true);

cookie.setPath("/");

cookie.setMaxAge(defaultMaxAge);

response.addCookie(cookie);

}

}

TIP

404、500页面需要放在/templates下，且确认配置了视图，如jsp、thymeleaf等，否则也会出现找不到页面，例如集成thymeleaf

依赖

com.github.theborakompanioni

thymeleaf-extras-shiro

${thymeleaf.extras.shiro.version}

org.springframework.boot

spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf

配置

spring:

# 模板引擎

thymeleaf:

mode: HTML5

encoding: utf-8

# 禁用缓存

cache: false

404、500页面地址(目录结构)

src/main/resources/templates/error/404.html

src/main/resources/templates/error/500.html

500

糟糕! 服务器出错啦~~(>_

异常信息如下: