android sqlite orm,ioc,android studio SQLite Database小例

SQLiteDatabase是一个可以进行增(Create)、查(Retrieve)、改(Update)、删(Delete)数据，即CRUD操作的类。

下面教程将向你展示如何使用SQLiteDatabase在Android中实现CRUD操作。

工具使用：

Android studio 1.1.0

TODO

在这个教程中，我们将创建一个app，允许对一个student表进行增查改删的数据操作。

很容易吗？是的，如果你知道怎样做的话 :)

android Studio SQLite Database Example

表结构

这个student表将用于存储学生的详细数据，为了简单，只创建3个域，如下图：

student表.jpg

id是主键，允许自增

页面布局

创建两个页面布局，第一个页面展示所有学生名字，如下图：

学生列表.jpg

第二个页面是学生的详细信息的页面，用户点击listview的每个item时，将会进入这个页面，如下图：

详细信息或增加数据页面

布局实现

1.新建一个SQLiteDemo的project;

2.实现第一个页面布局activity_main.xml

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context=".MainActivity">

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Add"

android:id="@+id/btnAdd"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

/>

android:id="@android:id/list"

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_above="@+id/btnAdd"

/>

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="List All"

android:id="@+id/btnGetAll"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/btnAdd"/>

你需要修改ListView的id为 android:id="@+id/listView" 如果你选择继承ListActivity在你的Activity类，否则将会出错；content必须有一个ListView，它的id的属性是‘android.R.id.list’

3.创建另一个activity，StudentDetail.java，其布局为第二个页面activity_student_detail.xml

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

tools:context="cn.cfanr.sqlitedemo.StudentDetail">

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Name"

android:id="@+id/tvName"

android:layout_alignParentTop="true"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

android:layout_alignParentStart="true"

android:layout_marginTop="30dp" />

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Email"

android:id="@+id/tvEmail"

android:layout_below="@id/tvName"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

android:layout_alignParentStart="true"

android:layout_marginTop="30dp" />

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="Age"

android:id="@+id/tvAge"

android:layout_below="@id/tvEmail"

android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"

android:layout_alignParentStart="true"

android:layout_marginTop="30dp" />

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/etName"

android:inputType="textPersonName"

android:ems="10"

android:layout_above="@id/tvEmail"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/tvName"

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/etEmail"

android:layout_toRightOf="@id/tvEmail"

android:inputType="textEmailAddress"

android:ems="10"

android:layout_above="@id/tvAge"

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

android:layout_alignParentEnd="true" />

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/etAge"

android:inputType="number"

android:ems="10"

android:layout_alignBottom="@id/tvAge"

android:layout_alignLeft="@id/etEmail"

android:layout_alignStart="@id/etEmail"

android:layout_alignRight="@id/etEmail"

android:layout_alignEnd="@id/etEmail"

/>

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/btnClose"

android:text="Close"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_alignParentRight="true"

/>

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/btnSave"

android:text="Save"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/btnClose"/>

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/btnDelete"

android:text="Delete"

android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"

android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/btnSave"/>

4.当用户点击ListView的item时展示学生的详细信息的activity，所以我们需要一个特殊的id来检索学生的详细信息，并且这个id必须来自ListView，可以通过两个方法实现：

最简单的方法，可以放id和name进listview的item中，展示给用户(不好的UI设计)，当用户点击选中item时，将检索的记录传递到StudentDetail.java的activity。

创建一个layout作为listview的item，通过item中包含学生的id(不过设置成隐藏)来检索学生的详细信息；

采用第二种方法，创建一个新的layout，view_student_entry.xml，代码如下：

android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent">

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:id="@+id/student_Id"

android:visibility="gone"/>

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:paddingLeft="6dip"

android:paddingTop="6dip"

android:textSize="22sp"

android:textStyle="bold"/>

编码

1.创建Student类

package cn.cfanr.sqlitedemo;

/**

* Created by ifanr on 2015/3/29.

*/

public class Student {

//表名

public static final String TABLE="Student";

//表的各域名

public static final String KEY_ID="id";

public static final String KEY_name="name";

public static final String KEY_email="email";

public static final String KEY_age="age";

//属性

public int student_ID;

public String name;

public String email;

public int age;

}

2.为了创建表，需要使用到SQLiteDatabase类(实现CRUD操作)和SQLiteOpenHelper(用于数据库的创建和版本管理)，下面先创建一个DBHelper类

package cn.cfanr.sqlitedemo;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper;

import android.content.Context;

/**

* Created by ifanr on 2015/3/29.

*/

public class DBHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

//数据库版本号

private static final int DATABASE_VERSION=4;

//数据库名称

private static final String DATABASE_NAME="crud.db";

public DBHelper(Context context){

super(context,DATABASE_NAME,null,DATABASE_VERSION);

}

@Override

public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {

//创建数据表

String CREATE_TABLE_STUDENT="CREATE TABLE "+ Student.TABLE+"("

+Student.KEY_ID+" INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT ,"

+Student.KEY_name+" TEXT, "

+Student.KEY_age+" INTEGER, "

+Student.KEY_email+" TEXT)";

db.execSQL(CREATE_TABLE_STUDENT);

}

@Override

public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {

//如果旧表存在，删除，所以数据将会消失

db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS "+ Student.TABLE);

//再次创建表

onCreate(db);

}

}

3.新建StudentRepo类，编写CRUD函数。

package cn.cfanr.sqlitedemo;

import android.content.ContentValues;

import android.content.Context;

import android.database.Cursor;

import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

/**

* Created by ifanr on 2015/3/29.

*/

public class StudentRepo {

private DBHelper dbHelper;

public StudentRepo(Context context){

dbHelper=new DBHelper(context);

}

public int insert(Student student){

//打开连接，写入数据

SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

ContentValues values=new ContentValues();

values.put(Student.KEY_age,student.age);

values.put(Student.KEY_email,student.email);

values.put(Student.KEY_name,student.name);

//

long student_Id=db.insert(Student.TABLE,null,values);

db.close();

return (int)student_Id;

}

public void delete(int student_Id){

SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

db.delete(Student.TABLE,Student.KEY_ID+"=?", new String[]{String.valueOf(student_Id)});

db.close();

}

public void update(Student student){

SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getWritableDatabase();

ContentValues values=new ContentValues();

values.put(Student.KEY_age,student.age);

values.put(Student.KEY_email,student.email);

values.put(Student.KEY_name,student.name);

db.update(Student.TABLE,values,Student.KEY_ID+"=?",new String[] { String.valueOf(student.student_ID) });

db.close();

}

public ArrayList> getStudentList(){

SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();

String selectQuery="SELECT "+

Student.KEY_ID+","+

Student.KEY_name+","+

Student.KEY_email+","+

Student.KEY_age+" FROM "+Student.TABLE;

ArrayList> studentList=new ArrayList>();

Cursor cursor=db.rawQuery(selectQuery,null);

if(cursor.moveToFirst()){

do{

HashMap student=new HashMap();

student.put("id",cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Student.KEY_ID)));

student.put("name",cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Student.KEY_name)));

studentList.add(student);

}while(cursor.moveToNext());

}

cursor.close();

db.close();

return studentList;

}

public Student getStudentById(int Id){

SQLiteDatabase db=dbHelper.getReadableDatabase();

String selectQuery="SELECT "+

Student.KEY_ID + "," +

Student.KEY_name + "," +

Student.KEY_email + "," +

Student.KEY_age +

" FROM " + Student.TABLE

+ " WHERE " +

Student.KEY_ID + "=?";

int iCount=0;

Student student=new Student();

Cursor cursor=db.rawQuery(selectQuery,new String[]{String.valueOf(Id)});

if(cursor.moveToFirst()){

do{

student.student_ID =cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Student.KEY_ID));

student.name =cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Student.KEY_name));

student.email =cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(Student.KEY_email));

student.age =cursor.getInt(cursor.getColumnIndex(Student.KEY_age));

}while(cursor.moveToNext());

}

cursor.close();

db.close();

return student;

}

}

4.用户点击item，进入的详细页面StudentDetail

package cn.cfanr.sqlitedemo;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.Toast;

public class StudentDetail extends ActionBarActivity implements View.OnClickListener {

private Button btnSave,btnDelete;

private Button btnClose;

private EditText etName;

private EditText etEmail;

private EditText etAge;

private int _student_id=0;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_student_detail);

btnSave = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnSave);

btnDelete = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnDelete);

btnClose = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnClose);

etName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etName);

etEmail = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etEmail);

etAge = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.etAge);

btnSave.setOnClickListener(this);

btnDelete.setOnClickListener(this);

btnClose.setOnClickListener(this);

_student_id =0;

Intent intent = getIntent();

_student_id =intent.getIntExtra("student_Id", 0);

StudentRepo repo = new StudentRepo(this);

Student student = new Student();

student = repo.getStudentById(_student_id);

etAge.setText(String.valueOf(student.age));

etName.setText(student.name);

etEmail.setText(student.email);

}

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.

getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_student_detail, menu);

return true;

}

@Override

public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will

// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long

// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.

int id = item.getItemId();

//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement

if (id == R.id.action_settings) {

return true;

}

return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

if(v==findViewById(R.id.btnSave)){

StudentRepo repo=new StudentRepo(this);

Student student=new Student();

student.age=Integer.parseInt(etAge.getText().toString());

student.email=etEmail.getText().toString();

student.name=etName.getText().toString();

student.student_ID=_student_id;

if(_student_id==0){

_student_id=repo.insert(student);

Toast.makeText(this,"New Student Insert",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}else{

repo.update(student);

Toast.makeText(this,"Student Record updated",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}else if (v== findViewById(R.id.btnDelete)){

StudentRepo repo = new StudentRepo(this);

repo.delete(_student_id);

Toast.makeText(this, "Student Record Deleted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT);

finish();

}else if (v== findViewById(R.id.btnClose)){

finish();

}

}

}

5.在MainActivity实现获取学生列表和跳转到StudentDetail页面

package cn.cfanr.sqlitedemo;

import android.app.ListActivity;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.Menu;

import android.view.MenuItem;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.AdapterView;

import android.widget.Button;

import android.widget.ListAdapter;

import android.widget.ListView;

import android.widget.SimpleAdapter;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.HashMap;

public class MainActivity extends ListActivity implements android.view.View.OnClickListener {

private Button btnAdd,btnGetAll;

private TextView student_Id;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

btnAdd = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnAdd);

btnAdd.setOnClickListener(this);

btnGetAll = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btnGetAll);

btnGetAll.setOnClickListener(this);

}

@Override

public void onClick(View v) {

if (v== findViewById(R.id.btnAdd)){

Intent intent = new Intent(this,StudentDetail.class);

intent.putExtra("student_Id",0);

startActivity(intent);

}else {

StudentRepo repo = new StudentRepo(this);

ArrayList> studentList = repo.getStudentList();

if(studentList.size()!=0) {

ListView lv = getListView();

lv.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView> parent, View view,int position, long id) {

student_Id = (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.student_Id);

String studentId = student_Id.getText().toString();

Intent objIndent = new Intent(getApplicationContext(),StudentDetail.class);

objIndent.putExtra("student_Id", Integer.parseInt( studentId));

startActivity(objIndent);

}

});

ListAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter( MainActivity.this,studentList, R.layout.view_student_entry, new String[] { "id","name"}, new int[] {R.id.student_Id, R.id.student_name});

setListAdapter(adapter);

}else{

Toast.makeText(this, "No student!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}

}

@Override

public boolean onCreateOptionsMenu(Menu menu) {

// Inflate the menu; this adds items to the action bar if it is present.

getMenuInflater().inflate(R.menu.menu_main, menu);

return true;

}

@Override

public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {

// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will

// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long

// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.

int id = item.getItemId();

//noinspection SimplifiableIfStatement

if (id == R.id.action_settings) {

return true;

}

return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);

}

}

6.运行结果如下：

学生列表(添加数据后，原来为空)

学生详细信息页面.png