介绍
虽然在几篇博客之前介绍了Dagobah这个调度框架,不过对于一些固定调度,很稳定的那种,可以考虑使用linux内置调度器,crontab ,这是系统内置的,相当稳定 ,不用人工干预
优点
可以实现不同的用户调度不同的东西,cron 表达式功能强大,很容易写出符合你需求的周期表达式
使用
登录后直接使用crontab -e 这个时候会要你选一个编辑器,对于我来说vim够用了,然后我们来看看crontab 的里面的内容
# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
#
# Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
# indicating with different fields when the task will be run
# and what command to run for the task
#
# To define the time you can provide concrete values for
# minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
# and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
# Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
# daemon's notion of time and timezones.
#
# Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
# email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
#
# For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
# at 5 a.m every week with:
# 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
#
# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
#
# m h dom mon dow command
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# Edit this file to introduce tasks to be run by cron.
#
# Each task to run has to be defined through a single line
# indicating with different fields when the task will be run
# and what command to run for the task
#
# To define the time you can provide concrete values for
# minute (m), hour (h), day of month (dom), month (mon),
# and day of week (dow) or use '*' in these fields (for 'any').#
# Notice that tasks will be started based on the cron's system
# daemon's notion of time and timezones.
#
# Output of the crontab jobs (including errors) is sent through
# email to the user the crontab file belongs to (unless redirected).
#
# For example, you can run a backup of all your user accounts
# at 5 a.m every week with:
# 0 5 * * 1 tar -zcf /var/backups/home.tgz /home/
#
# For more information see the manual pages of crontab(5) and cron(8)
#
# m h dom mon dow command
都是一些介绍和例子,以及解释说明的 ,注意crontab是使用cron表达式,所以你必须了解一些基本的语法,比如我要每隔一分钟运行一个命令
*/1 * * * * echo hello >> ~/echo.log
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*/1****echohello>>~/echo.log
写好之后保存,就可以正常使用了 ,这样就会每隔一分钟写入到echo.log文件,相当方便
脚本
如果你有一些其它的task,尽量都写成脚本,另外,脚本的权限一定要是可执行的,以定时run一个echo.sh 为例子
*/1 * * * * /root/echo.sh
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*/1****/root/echo.sh
另外还要将echo.sh文件更新权限(这个坑会坑到很多人,包括我,后来在日志里面也没有反应出来)
chmod +x /root/echo.sh
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chmod+x/root/echo.sh
还有一个是写完之后记得重启一下service
service cron restart
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servicecronrestart
日志
日志存在 /var/log/syslog ,每次调度你都会看到,不过这个日志略坑,没有失败的相关信息,还得自己猜
参考
http://askubuntu.com/questions/350861/how-to-set-a-cron-job-to-run-a-shell-script
https://help.ubuntu.com/community/CronHowto