python 文件内容对比_python 利用difflib模块---实现两个文件的内容比对

difflib模块作为python的标准库模块，无需安装，作用是比对文本之间的差异，且支持输出可读性比较强的html格式。本文还用到了argparse模块，用于解析命令行参数，即cmd后需要输入 python mypython.py -f1 filename1.txt -f2 filename2.txt ,后面的参数需要用到argparse模块，本文还用到了open等方法如有不清楚之处请自行学习。下面我们通过python代码来了解下吧。https://www.cndba.cn/sule/article/2226

https://www.cndba.cn/sule/article/2226

#!/user/bin/python

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# 2017-9-13

import sys

import difflib

import argparse

# 读取配置文件函数

def read_file(file_name):

try:

file_handle = open(file_name, 'r')

text = file_handle.read().splitlines() # 读取后以行进行分割

file_handle.close()

return text

except IOError as error:

print 'Read file Error: {0}'.format(error)

sys.exit()

# 比较两个文件并输出html格式的结果

def compare_file(file1_name, file2_name):

if file1_name == "" or file2_name == "":

print '文件路径不能为空：file1_name的路径为：{0}, file2_name的路径为：{1} .'.format(file1_name, file2_name)

sys.exit()

text1_lines = read_file(file1_name)

text2_lines = read_file(file2_name)

diff = difflib.HtmlDiff() # 创建htmldiff 对象

result = diff.make_file(text1_lines, text2_lines) # 通过make_file 方法输出 html 格式的对比结果

# 将结果保存到result.html文件中并打开

try:

with open('result.html', 'w') as result_file:

result_file.write(result)

except IOError as error:

print '写入html文件错误：{0}'.format(error)

if __name__ == "__main__":

# 定义必须传入两个参数，使用格式-f1 filename1 -f2 filename2

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="传入两个文件参数")

parser.add_argument('-f1', action='store', dest='filename1', required=True)

parser.add_argument('-f2', action='store', dest='filename2', required=True)

given_args = parser.parse_args()

file1_name = given_args.filename1

file2_name = given_args.filename2

compare_file(file1_name, file2_name)

d:/>python mycomparefile.py -f1 mytext1.txt -f2 mytext2.txt https://www.cndba.cn/sule/article/2226

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python difflib