java替换多个字符,Java一次（或以最有效的方式）替换字符串中的多个不同子字符串...

I need to replace many different sub-string in a string in the most efficient way.

is there another way other then the brute force way of replacing each field using string.replace ?

解决方案

If the string you are operating on is very long, or you are operating on many strings, then it could be worthwhile using a java.util.regex.Matcher (this requires time up-front to compile, so it won't be efficient if your input is very small or your search pattern changes frequently).

Below is a full example, based on a list of tokens taken from a map. (Uses StringUtils from Apache Commons Lang).

Map tokens = new HashMap();

tokens.put("cat", "Garfield");

tokens.put("beverage", "coffee");

String template = "%cat% really needs some %beverage%.";

// Create pattern of the format "%(cat|beverage)%"

String patternString = "%(" + StringUtils.join(tokens.keySet(), "|") + ")%";

Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(patternString);

Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(template);

StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

while(matcher.find()) {

matcher.appendReplacement(sb, tokens.get(matcher.group(1)));

}

matcher.appendTail(sb);

System.out.println(sb.toString());

Once the regular expression is compiled, scanning the input string is generally very quick (although if your regular expression is complex or involves backtracking then you would still need to benchmark in order to confirm this!)