centos7 php多版本切换_Zabbix 5.0全网监控搭建(LNMP版本)

centos7基于lnmp架构安装zabbix 5.0

zabbix 5.0 版本于2020年 5 月 11 日正式发布，是最新的 LTS(长期支持)版本，5.0 带来很多功能和特性，接下来，我们先把它部署上

1.环境要求

一个软件刚刚更新发布新版本没多久，这时候不要去百度搜索什么的，资料很少的，我们直接去看官方文档，你想要的官方文档里都有，我们先看看官方文档上 zabbix 5.0的安装要求

REQUIRED SOFTWARE

Zabbix is built around modern web servers, leading database engines, and PHP scripting language.

DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

| Software | Version | Comments |

| *MySQL* | 5.5.62 - 8.0.x | Required if MySQL is used as Zabbix backend database. InnoDB engine is required. MariaDB (10.0.37 or later) also works with Zabbix. We recommend using the [MariaDB Connector/C](https://downloads.mariadb.org/connector-c/) library for building server/proxy regardless of whether you use a MySQL or MariaDB database server. |

| *Oracle* | 11.2 or later | Required if Oracle is used as Zabbix backend database. |

| *PostgreSQL* | 9.2.24 or later | Required if PostgreSQL is used as Zabbix backend database. It is suggested to use at least PostgreSQL 8.3, which [introduced much better VACUUM performance](https://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.3/static/release-8-3.html). |

| *TimescaleDB* | 1.0 or later, OSS (free) version | Required if TimescaleDB is used as Zabbix backend database. |

| *SQLite* | 3.3.5 or later | SQLite is only supported with Zabbix proxies. Required if SQLite is used as Zabbix proxy database. |

FRONTEND

The minimum supported screen width for Zabbix frontend is 1200px.

| Software | Version | Comments |

| :-------------: | :-------------: | :----------------------------------------------------------: |

| *Apache* | 1.3.12 or later | |

| *PHP* | 7.2.0 or later | |

| PHP extensions: | | |

| *gd* | 2.0.28 or later | PHP GD extension must support PNG images (*--with-png-dir*), JPEG (*--with-jpeg-dir*) images and FreeType 2 (*--with-freetype-dir*). |

| *bcmath* | | php-bcmath (*--enable-bcmath*) |

| *ctype* | | php-ctype (*--enable-ctype*) |

| *libXML* | 2.6.15 or later | php-xml, if provided as a separate package by the distributor. |

| *xmlreader* | | php-xmlreader, if provided as a separate package by the distributor. |

| *xmlwriter* | | php-xmlwriter, if provided as a separate package by the distributor. |

| *session* | | php-session, if provided as a separate package by the distributor. |

| *sockets* | | php-net-socket (*--enable-sockets*). Required for user script support. |

| *mbstring* | | php-mbstring (*--enable-mbstring*) |

| *gettext* | | php-gettext (*--with-gettext*). Required for translations to work. |

| *ldap* | | php-ldap. Required only if LDAP authentication is used in the frontend. |

| *openssl* | | php-openssl. Required only if SAML authentication is used in the frontend. |

| *mysqli* | | Required if MySQL is used as Zabbix backend database. |

| *oci8* | | Required if Oracle is used as Zabbix backend database. |

| *pgsql* | | Required if PostgreSQL is used as Zabbix backend database. |

注意：以上内容来自于zabbix官方文档

从这段资料中可以看出，zabbix 5.0最大的变化，就是php版本要求 7.2以上，而centos7的默认源php版本是5.4，所以这里我们就要使用第三方php的yum源了

2：安装php 7.2以及zabbix 所需的php扩展模块

安装php第三方源

yum install epel-release.noarch -yrpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm

安装nginx、php7.2和所需php扩展模块

yum install nginx  php72w-cli php72w-fpm php72w-common php72w-mysqlnd php72w-mbstring  php72w-gd php72w-bcmath php72w-ldap php72w-xml -y

注意：webtatic源在国外，容易失败

修改php的配置文件

vim  /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf user = apachegroup = apache修改为user = nginxgroup = nginx

修改nginx的配置文件

vim  /etc/nginx/nginx.confworker_processes  1;events {    worker_connections  1024;}http {    include       mime.types;    default_type  application/octet-stream;    sendfile        on;    keepalive_timeout  65;    server {        listen       80;        server_name  localhost;        location / {            root   /html;            index  index.php index.html index.htm;        }        location ~ .php$ {            root           /html;            fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;            fastcgi_index  index.php;            fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /html$fastcgi_script_name;            include        fastcgi_params;        }    }}

启动nginx和php-fpm

systemctl start nginxsystemctl enable nginxsystemctl start php-fpmsystemctl enable php-fpm

3：安装zabbix-web

cd /opt/#下载源码包wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/5.0/zabbix-5.0.4.tar.gztar xf zabbix-5.0.4.tar.gzmkdir /html#拷贝zabbix-web到站点目录cp -a zabbix-5.0.4/ui/* /html#修改站点目录属主和属组chown -R nginx:nginx /html

使用浏览器访问http://

发现页面打不开，不要慌，我们看下日志

[root@zabbix-5 opt]# cat /var/log/nginx/error.log 2020/10/08 10:29:01 [error] 12403#0: *1 FastCGI sent in stderr: "PHP message: PHP Warning:  session_start(): open(/var/lib/php/session/sess_f8b4d79c68b0ec44a225bd3419783d60, O_RDWR) failed: No such file or directory (2) in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php on line 45PHP message: PHP Warning:  session_start(): Failed to read session data: files (path: /var/lib/php/session) in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php on line 45PHP message: PHP Fatal error:  Uncaught Exception: Cannot start session. in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php:46Stack trace:#0 /html/setup.php(66): CSession::start()#1 {main}  thrown in /html/include/classes/core/CSession.php on line 46" while reading response header from upstream, client: 192.168.2.8, server: localhost, request: "GET /setup.php HTTP/1.1", upstream: "fastcgi://127.0.0.1:9000", host: "192.168.2.121"

从这段日志分析来看，php执行函数session_start出错，原因是没有目录/var/lib/php/session

[root@zabbix-5 opt]# ls /var/lib/php/sessionls: cannot access /var/lib/php/session: No such file or directory#这里可以发现，确实没有这个目录解决方法：mkdir /var/lib/php/sessionchown -R nginx:nginx /var/lib/php/session

再次刷新浏览器，问题解决

接下来，点击Next step

这里有几个警告，我们处理下

vim /etc/php.inipost_max_size = 8M修改为post_max_size = 16Mmax_execution_time = 30修改为max_execution_time = 300max_input_time = 60修改为max_input_time = 300;date.timezone =去掉注释，并修改为date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai#重启php-fpm，并刷新浏览器systemctl restart php-fpm.service 

干干净净，这下舒服了

继续点击Next step

到这里，我们先等一等，先安装下数据库和zabbix-server

4：安装zabbix-server

安装数据库

 yum install mariadb-server.x86_64 -y systemctl start mariadb.service  systemctl enable mariadb.service #建议执行下mysql_secure_installation#为zabbix创库授权[root@zabbix-5 opt]# mysql -uroot -pEnter password: MariaDB [(none)]>  create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost identified by '123456';Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)MariaDB [(none)]> quit

安装zabbix-server

rpm -ivh https://mirror.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpmyum install zabbix-server-mysql -y#导入zabbix初始数据文件zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-*/create.sql.gz |mysql -uzabbix -p123456 zabbix

修改zabbix-server配置

vim /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf#配置下数据库的连接信息DBHost=localhostDBName=zabbixDBUser=zabbixDBPassword=123456

启动zabbix-server

systemctl start zabbix-server.service systemctl enable zabbix-server.service#检查zabbix-server启动情况[root@zabbix-5 opt]# netstat -lntup|grep 10051tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:10051           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      13190/zabbix_server tcp6       0      0 :::10051                :::*                    LISTEN      13190/zabbix_server 

5：最后的安装

继续访问浏览器

下一步

继续下一步

继续下一步

点击完成，会自动跳转到登陆页面

初始的用户是Admin,密码zabbix(注意大小写)

登录成功之后的页面

这个web界面和之前的版本变化很大

关于zabbix 5.0的其他使用技巧，后续再更新

原文链接：https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/K4A1WA4zyGzZwvO1JO_vBw