python之路2.0_python之路：进击的小白

1.hello world

print("hello world")

2.变量定义的规则

变量名只能是 字母、数字或下划线的任意组合

变量名的第一个字符不能是数字

以下关键字不能声明为变量名

['and', 'as', 'assert', 'break', 'class', 'continue', 'def', 'del', 'elif', 'else', 'except', 'exec', 'finally', 'for', 'from', 'global', 'if', 'import', 'in', 'is', 'lambda', 'not', 'or', 'pass', 'print', 'raise', 'return', 'try', 'while', 'with', 'yield']

3.字符编码-*-coding:utf-8-*-

在python2.0版本中，不声明字符编码则不支持中文

python3.0可以不声明默认是 -*-coding:utf-8-*-

4.注释：

单行注释: "#"

多行注释: " '''  "(3个单引号)

5.输入

name_input=input("用户名：")

password_input=input("密码")

密码可以密文(在linux环境中)

1 #!/usr/bin/env python2 #-*-coding:utf-8-*-

3

4 import getpass5 password_input=getpass.petpass("密码：")

6.模块

os模块

1 #!/usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

3

4 importos5

6 os.system("df -h") #调用系统命令

sys模块

1 #!/usr/bin/env python

2 #-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

3

4 importsys5

6 print(sys.argv)7

8

9 #输出

10 $ python test.py helo world11 ['test.py', 'helo', 'world'] #把执行脚本时传递的参数获取到了

Tab模块

1 importsys2 importreadline3 importrlcompleter4

5 if sys.platform == 'darwin' and sys.version_info[0] == 2:6 readline.parse_and_bind("bind ^I rl_complete")7 else:8 readline.parse_and_bind("tab: complete") #linux and python3 on mac

9

10 for mac

mac版本

1 #!/usr/bin/env python

2 #python startup file

3 importsys4 importreadline5 importrlcompleter6 importatexit7 importos8 #tab completion

9 readline.parse_and_bind('tab: complete')10 #history file

11 histfile = os.path.join(os.environ['HOME'], '.pythonhistory')12 try:13 readline.read_history_file(histfile)14 exceptIOError:15 pass

16 atexit.register(readline.write_history_file, histfile)17 delos, histfile, readline, rlcompleter18

19 for Linux

linux版本

可以从网上找

7.格式化输出

1 name_input = input('name:')2 age_input = int(input('age:'))3 job_input = input('job:')4 msg = '''

5 Infomation of user %s6 --------------------7 Name: %s8 Age : %d9 Job : %s10 -------END----------11 '''%(name_input,name_input,age_input,job_input)12 print(msg)13 print("姓名：",name_input)14 print("年龄:",age_input)15 print("职业:",job_input)

%s字符串

%d数字

8.for循环

1 #!/usr/bin/env python

2 #-*-coding:utf-8-*-

3 num = 20

4 counter =05 for i in range(10):6 if counter<3:7 guess_num = int(input("输入年龄："))8 if guess_num >num:9 print("猜大了")10 elif guess_num <11 print else:13 break>

15 else:16 couter_confirm = input("还想继续吗？")17 if couter_confirm == 'y':18 counter =019 continue

20 else:21 print("bay!")22 break

23 counter +=1

猜年龄

break跳出本层循环

continue不向下循环从头开始循环

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