android5自带palette,Android L中的RecyclerView 、CardView 、Palette的使用

Android L版本中新增了RecyclerView、CardView 、Palette。RecyclerView、CardView为用于显示复杂视图的新增Widget。Palette作为调色板类，可以让你从图像中提取突出的颜色。

RecyclerView

RecyclerView作为替代ListView使用，RecyclerView标准化了ViewHolder，ListView中convertView是复用的，在RecyclerView中，是把ViewHolder作为缓存的单位了，然后convertView作为ViewHolder的成员变量保持在ViewHolder中，也就是说，假设没有屏幕显示10个条目，则会创建10个ViewHolder缓存起来，每次复用的是ViewHolder，所以他把getView这个方法变为了onCreateViewHolder。 ViewHolder更适合多种子布局的列表，尤其IM的对话列表。RecyclerView不提供setOnItemClickListener方法，你可以在ViewHolder中添加事件。

RecyclerView可以实现横向、纵向滑动视图：

使用RecyclerView，必须使用指定一个adapter、定义一个布局管理器。创建adapter必须继承自RecyclerView.Adapter。实施的细节需要看数据类型和需要的视图。

RecyclerView widget

RecyclerView 提供了 LayoutManager，RecylerView 不负责子 View 的布局，我们可以自定义 LayoutManager 来实现不同的布局效果，目前只提供了LinearLayoutManager。 LinearLayoutManager 可以指定方向，默认是垂直， 可以设置成水平。

RecyclerView Demo：

1、布局文件

android:id="@+id/my_recycler_view"

android:scrollbars="vertical"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"/>

2、Activity文件public class MyActivity extends Activity {

private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;

private RecyclerView.Adapter mAdapter;

private RecyclerView.LayoutManager mLayoutManager;

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.my_activity);

mRecyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view);

// improve performance if you know that changes in content

// do not change the size of the RecyclerView

mRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);

// use a linear layout manager

mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);

mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);

// specify an adapter (see also next example)

mAdapter = new MyAdapter(myDataset);

mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);

}

...

}

To create a simple adapter:

public class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter {

private String[] mDataset;

// Provide a reference to the type of views that you are using

// (custom viewholder)

public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

public TextView mTextView;

public ViewHolder(TextView v) {

super(v);

mTextView = v;

}

}

// Provide a suitable constructor (depends on the kind of dataset)

public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) {

mDataset = myDataset;

}

// Create new views (invoked by the layout manager)

@Override

public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,

int viewType) {

// create a new view

View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())

.inflate(R.layout.my_text_view, null);

// set the view's size, margins, paddings and layout parameters

...

ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(v);

return vh;

}

// Replace the contents of a view (invoked by the layout manager)

@Override

public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {

// - get element from your dataset at this position

// - replace the contents of the view with that element

holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]);

}

// Return the size of your dataset (invoked by the layout manager)

@Override

public int getItemCount() {

return mDataset.length;

}

}

3、Recycler adapterpublic class MyAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter {

private String[] mDataset;

// Provide a reference to the type of views that you are using

// (custom viewholder)

public static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {

public TextView mTextView;

public ViewHolder(TextView v) {

super(v);

mTextView = v;

}

}

// Provide a suitable constructor (depends on the kind of dataset)

public MyAdapter(String[] myDataset) {

mDataset = myDataset;

}

// Create new views (invoked by the layout manager)

@Override

public MyAdapter.ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent,

int viewType) {

// create a new view

View v = LayoutInflater.from(parent.getContext())

.inflate(R.layout.my_text_view, null);

// set the view's size, margins, paddings and layout parameters

...

ViewHolder vh = new ViewHolder(v);

return vh;

}

// Replace the contents of a view (invoked by the layout manager)

@Override

public void onBindViewHolder(ViewHolder holder, int position) {

// - get element from your dataset at this position

// - replace the contents of the view with that element

holder.mTextView.setText(mDataset[position]);

}

// Return the size of your dataset (invoked by the layout manager)

@Override

public int getItemCount() {

return mDataset.length;

}

}

设置横向：@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_recycler_view_horizontal);

// specify an adapter (see also next example)

List itemList = new ArrayList();

for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)

itemList.add(new MyAdapter.Item("Item " + i, "world"));

mAdapter = new MyAdapter(itemList);

mRecyclerViewHorizontal = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.my_recycler_view_horizontal);

mRecyclerViewHorizontal.setHasFixedSize(true);

// use a linear layout manager

LinearLayoutManager mLayoutManager = new LinearLayoutManager(this);

mLayoutManager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.HORIZONTAL);

mRecyclerViewHorizontal.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);

mRecyclerViewHorizontal.setAdapter(mAdapter);

}

CardView

CardView继承自FrameLayout类，可以在一个卡片布局中一致性的显示内容，卡片可以包含圆角和阴影。

可以使用android:elevation属性，创建一个阴影的卡片。

怎样指定CardView的属性：

1、使用android:cardCornerRadius属性指定圆角半径

2、使用CardView.setRadius 设置圆角半径。

3、使用 android:cardBackgroundColor属性设置卡片颜色

在创建布局文件中创建CardView：

xmlns:card_view="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"

android:id="@+id/card_view"

android:layout_gravity="center"

android:layout_width="200dp"

android:layout_height="200dp"

card_view:cardCornerRadius="4dp">

android:id="@+id/info_text"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent" />

Palette

Palette从图像中提取突出的颜色，这样可以把色值赋给ActionBar、或者其他，可以让界面整个色调统一，效果见上图(Palette)。

Palette这个类中提取以下突出的颜色：

Vibrant  (有活力)

Vibrant dark(有活力 暗色)

Vibrant light(有活力 亮色)

Muted  (柔和)

Muted dark(柔和 暗色)

Muted light(柔和 亮色)

提取色值代码如下：

Bitmap bm = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), item.image);

Palette palette = Palette.generate(bm);

if (palette.getLightVibrantColor() != null) {

name.setBackgroundColor(palette.getLightVibrantColor().getRgb());

getSupportActionBar().setBackgroundDrawable(new ColorDrawable(palette.getLightVibrantColor().getRgb()));

}

}