python中expect_python调用expect实现scp/ssh免密码登陆

linux中使用expect完成自动化登陆等操作非常方便，但是python调用linux执行expect的相关指导非常少。

下面写了一个python调用expect脚本完成主机向其他不同主机间拷贝和自动化免密码ssh登陆的实现。

#!/usr/bin/python

#coding:utf-8

import sys,re

import os

import subprocess

#scp file to remote node.

def scpFileToRemoteNode(user,ip,password,fileName,filePath,port=22):

'''

拷贝软件包到远程节点，默认使用root用户22号端口传输

:param ip:

:param password:

:param sourceFileName:

:return: 0 表示执行成功

'''

SCP_CMD_BASE = r"""

expect -c "

set timeout 10 ;

spawn scp -P {port} {filePath}/{{filename}} {username}@{host}:{filePath}/{{filename}} ;

expect *assword* {{{{ send {password}\r }}}} ;

expect *\r ;

expect \r ;

expect eof

"

""".format(username=user,password=password,host=ip,filePath=filePath,port=port)

SCP_CMD = SCP_CMD_BASE.format(filename = fileName)

print "execute SCP_CMD: ",SCP_CMD

p = subprocess.Popen( SCP_CMD , stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)

(output, err) = p.communicate()

#status = os.system(SCP_CMD)

print "execute SCP_CMD status: ",output

return output

#ssh connect node ,then execute shell commands.

def sshCommandExecute(user,ip,password,command):

'''

使用ssh命令连接远程服务虚拟机，然后执行command命令，默认使用root用户

:param user:默认使用root用户

:param ip:

:param paasword:

:param command:

:return:

'''

SSH_CMD=r"""

expect -c "

set timeout 10;

spawn ssh {user}@{ip} ;

expect {{

\"*yes/no*\" {{ send "yes\r"; exp_continue }}

\"*assword*\" {{ send {password}\r }}

}} ;

send \" {command} \r\";

expect "]*"

send \"exit\r\"

"

""".format(user=user,ip=ip,password=password,command=command)

print "execute SSH_CMD: ",SSH_CMD

#status = os.system(SSH_CMD)

p = subprocess.Popen( SSH_CMD , stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, shell=True)

(output, err) = p.communicate()

print "execute SSH_CMD status: ",output

return output

有相关需求的可以直接拿去用。

expect 语句是放在python原始字符串中传递的，脚本在原始字符串中涉及到语句转义和参数传递。

每一次send语句执行最好使用expect上一条指令已经执行完成。