微服务架构
![bb7f27d5cf7fdde622dc7fd01e8ed5d6.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/bb7f27d5cf7fdde622dc7fd01e8ed5d6.png)
- 网关:路由用户请求到指定服务,转发前端 Cookie 中包含的 Session 信息;
- 用户服务:用户登录认证(Authentication),用户授权(Authority),用户管理(Redis Session Management)
- 其他服务:依赖 Redis 中用户信息进行接口请求验证
用户 - 角色 - 权限表结构设计
- 权限表
权限表最小粒度的控制单个功能,例如用户管理、资源管理,表结构示例:
![c82f7aa57b63ce839096238017c4e604.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/c82f7aa57b63ce839096238017c4e604.png)
- 角色 - 权限表
自定义角色,组合各种权限,例如超级管理员拥有所有权限,表结构示例:
![c2439a999f26e4c1c563ac05138f2312.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/c2439a999f26e4c1c563ac05138f2312.png)
- 用户 - 角色表
用户绑定一个或多个角色,即分配各种权限,示例表结构:
![2e3722fa9749912c37928e05018acfa8.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/2e3722fa9749912c37928e05018acfa8.png)
用户服务设计
Maven 依赖(所有服务)
org.springframework.boot spring-boot-starter-security org.springframework.session spring-session-data-redis
应用配置 application.yml 示例:
# Spring Session 配置spring.session.store-type=redisserver.servlet.session.persistent=trueserver.servlet.session.timeout=7dserver.servlet.session.cookie.max-age=7d# Redis 配置spring.redis.host=spring.redis.port=6379# MySQL 配置spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverspring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://:3306/testspring.datasource.username=spring.datasource.password=
用户登录认证(authentication)与授权(authority)
@Slf4jpublic class CustomAuthenticationFilter extends AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter { private final UserService userService; CustomAuthenticationFilter(String defaultFilterProcessesUrl, UserService userService) { super(new AntPathRequestMatcher(defaultFilterProcessesUrl, HttpMethod.POST.name())); this.userService = userService; } @Override public Authentication attemptAuthentication(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws AuthenticationException { JSONObject requestBody = getRequestBody(request); String username = requestBody.getString("username"); String password = requestBody.getString("password"); UserDO user = userService.getByUsername(username); if (user != null && validateUsernameAndPassword(username, password, user)){ // 查询用户的 authority List userAuthorities = userService.getSimpleGrantedAuthority(user.getId()); return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getId(), null, userAuthorities); } throw new AuthenticationServiceException("登录失败"); } /** * 获取请求体 */ private JSONObject getRequestBody(HttpServletRequest request) throws AuthenticationException{ try { StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); InputStream inputStream = request.getInputStream(); byte[] bs = new byte[StreamUtils.BUFFER_SIZE]; int len; while ((len = inputStream.read(bs)) != -1) { stringBuilder.append(new String(bs, 0, len)); } return JSON.parseObject(stringBuilder.toString()); } catch (IOException e) { log.error("get request body error."); } throw new AuthenticationServiceException(HttpRequestStatusEnum.INVALID_REQUEST.getMessage()); } /** * 校验用户名和密码 */ private boolean validateUsernameAndPassword(String username, String password, UserDO user) throws AuthenticationException { return username == user.getUsername() && password == user.getPassword(); }}@EnableWebSecurity@AllArgsConstructorpublic class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { private static final String LOGIN_URL = "/user/login"; private static final String LOGOUT_URL = "/user/logout"; private final UserService userService; @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.authorizeRequests() .antMatchers(LOGIN_URL).permitAll() .anyRequest().authenticated() .and() .logout().logoutUrl(LOGOUT_URL).clearAuthentication(true).permitAll() .and() .csrf().disable(); http.addFilterAt(bipAuthenticationFilter(), UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class) .rememberMe().alwaysRemember(true); } /** * 自定义认证过滤器 */ private CustomAuthenticationFilter customAuthenticationFilter() { CustomAuthenticationFilter authenticationFilter = new CustomAuthenticationFilter(LOGIN_URL, userService); return authenticationFilter; }}
其他服务设计
应用配置 application.yml 示例:
# Spring Session 配置spring.session.store-type=redis# Redis 配置spring.redis.host=spring.redis.port=6379
全局安全配置
@EnableWebSecuritypublic class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.authorizeRequests() .anyRequest().authenticated() .and() .csrf().disable(); }}
用户认证信息获取
用户通过用户服务登录成功后,用户信息会被缓存到 Redis,缓存的信息与 CustomAuthenticationFilter 中 attemptAuthentication() 方法返回的对象有关,如上所以,返回的对象是 new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getId(), null, userAuthorities) ,即 Redis 缓存了用户的 ID 和用户的权力(authorities)。
UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken 构造函数的第一个参数是 Object 对象,所以可以自定义缓存对象。
在微服务各个模块获取用户的这些信息的方法如下:
@GetMapping() public WebResponse test(@AuthenticationPrincipal UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken){ // 略 }
权限控制
- 启用基于方法的权限注解
@SpringBootApplication@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true, securedEnabled = true)public class Application { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(Application.class, args); }}
- 简单权限校验
例如,删除角色的接口,仅允许拥有 ROLE_ADMIN_USER 权限的用户访问。
/** * 删除角色 */ @PostMapping("/delete") @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN_USER')") public WebResponse deleteRole(@RequestBody RoleBean roleBean){ // 略 }
@PreAuthorize("hasRole('')") 可作用于微服务中的各个模块
- 自定义权限校验
如上所示, hasRole() 方法是 Spring Security 内嵌的,如需自定义,可以使用 Expression-Based Access Control ,示例:
/** * 自定义校验服务 */@Servicepublic class CustomService{ public boolean check(UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken, String extraParam){ // 略 }}/** * 删除角色 */ @PostMapping() @PreAuthorize("@customService.check(authentication, #userBean.username)") public WebResponse custom(@RequestBody UserBean userBean){ // 略 }
authentication 属于内置对象, # 获取入参的值
- 任意用户权限动态修改
原理上,用户的权限信息保存在 Redis 中,修改用户权限就需要操作 Redis,示例:
@Service@AllArgsConstructorpublic class HttpSessionService { private final FindByIndexNameSessionRepository sessionRepository; /** * 重置用户权限 */ public void resetAuthorities(Long userId, List authorities){ UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken newToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userId, null, authorities); Map redisSessionMap = sessionRepository.findByPrincipalName(String.valueOf(userId)); redisSessionMap.values().forEach(session -> { SecurityContextImpl securityContext = session.getAttribute(HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository.SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT_KEY); securityContext.setAuthentication(newToken); session.setAttribute(HttpSessionSecurityContextRepository.SPRING_SECURITY_CONTEXT_KEY, securityContext); sessionRepository.save(session); }); }}
修改用户权限,仅需调用 httpSessionService.resetAuthorities() 方法即可,实时生效。