直接灰度变换法matlab,灰度变换,原理 及Matlab程序

图像灰度变换

内容摘要

通常经输入系统获取的图像信息中含有各种各样的的噪声与畸变，例如因室外光照度不够均匀会造成图像灰度过于集中，因此要对图像质量进行改善。灰度变换是根据某种目标条件按一定变换关系逐点改变原图像中每个像素灰度值的方法。目标图片的灰度变换处理是是图像增强处理技术中一种非常基础、直接的空间域图像处理方法。灰度变换有时被称为图片对比度增强或对比度拉伸。

关键词：二值化和阈值处理灰度线性变换分段线性变换灰度直方图

Abstract

Typically, the image information obtained by the input system, containing a variety of noise and distortion，For example,due to the outdoor illumination is not enough uniformity will result in image gray too concentrated, so we have to improve on image quality.Gray-scale transformation is a way based on the conditions of a certain goal by a certain transformation relations, which point by point to change the original image for each pixel gray value.The gray-scale transformation of the image processing is a very basic,direct spatial domain image processing method. of the image enhancement processing technology. Gray-scale transformation is sometimes called image contrast enhancement or contrast stretching.

Key words:Binarization threshold Gray-scale linear transform Piecewise linear transformation Gray histogram Gray level distribution equalization

1 引言

通常经输入系统获取的图像信息中含有各种各样的噪声与畸变，例如室外光照度不够均匀会造成图像灰度过于集中；由摄像头获得的图像经过A/D转换、线路传送都会产生噪声污染等等，这些不可避免地影响系统图像清晰度，降低了图像质量，轻者表现为图像不干净，难以看清细节；重者表现为图像模糊不清，连概貌都看不出来。因此，在对图像经行分析前，必须对图像质量经行改善，一般情况下改善的方法有两类：图像增强和图像复原。图像增强的目的是设法改善图像的视觉效果，提高图像的可读性，将图像中感兴趣的特征有选择的突