pytest有一个^{}插件,它是为了测试pytest本身和插件而设计的;它在一个独立的运行中执行不影响当前测试运行的测试。示例:# conftest.py
import pytest
pytest_plugins = ['pytester']
@pytest.fixture
def spam(request):
yield request.param
fixture spam有一个问题,它只能与参数化测试一起工作;一旦在非参数化测试中请求它,它将引发一个AttributeError。这意味着我们不能通过这样的常规测试进行测试:
^{pr2}$
相反,我们使用testdir插件提供的testdirfixture在独立的测试运行中执行测试:import pathlib
import pytest
# an example on how to load the code from the actual test suite
@pytest.fixture
def read_conftest(request):
return pathlib.Path(request.config.rootdir, 'conftest.py').read_text()
def test_spam_fixture(testdir, read_conftest):
# you can create a test suite by providing file contents in different ways, e.g.
testdir.makeconftest(read_conftest)
testdir.makepyfile(
"""
import pytest
@pytest.mark.parametrize('spam', ('eggs', 'bacon'), indirect=True)
def test_spam_parametrized(spam):
assert spam in ['eggs', 'bacon']
def test_spam_no_params(spam):
assert True
""")
result = testdir.runpytest()
# we should have two passed tests and one failed (unarametrized one)
result.assert_outcomes(passed=3, error=1)
# if we have to, we can analyze the output made by pytest
assert "AttributeError: 'SubRequest' object has no attribute 'param'" in ' '.join(result.outlines)
为测试加载测试代码的另一个方便的方法是testdir.copy_example方法。在pytest.ini中设置根路径,例如:[pytest]
pytester_example_dir = samples_for_fixture_tests
norecursedirs = samples_for_fixture_tests
现在创建包含以下内容的文件samples_for_fixture_tests/test_spam_fixture/test_x.py:import pytest
@pytest.mark.parametrize('spam', ('eggs', 'bacon'), indirect=True)
def test_spam_parametrized(spam):
assert spam in ['eggs', 'bacon']
def test_spam_no_params(spam):
assert True
(这与之前作为字符串传递给testdir.makepyfile的代码相同)。上述试验变更为:def test_spam_fixture(testdir, read_conftest):
testdir.makeconftest(read_conftest)
# pytest will now copy everything from samples_for_fixture_tests/test_spam_fixture
testdir.copy_example()
testdir.runpytest().assert_outcomes(passed=3, error=1)
这样,您就不必在测试中将Python代码维护为字符串,还可以通过使用pytester来重用现有的测试模块。也可以通过pytester_example_path标记配置测试数据根:@pytest.mark.pytester_example_path('fizz')
def test_fizz(testdir):
testdir.copy_example('buzz.txt')
将查找与项目根目录相关的文件fizz/buzz.txt。在
对于更多的例子,一定要查看pytest文档中的Testing plugins部分;而且,您可能会发现my other answer对问题How can I test if a pytest fixture raises an exception?很有帮助,因为它包含了该主题的另一个工作示例。我还发现直接研究^{} code非常有帮助,因为遗憾的是,pytest没有为它提供大量的文档,但是代码几乎是自文档化的。在