centos通过gz包安装mysql,CentOS7采用tar.gz包方式安装Mysql5.7

1.安装开发工具包

[root@localhost ~]# yum groups mark install 'Development Tools'

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install wget bzip2 bzip2-devel gcc gcc-c++

2.安装依赖包

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install ncurses-devel openssl-devel openssl cmake mariadb-devel

3.为mysql创建用户和组

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd -r -g 306 mysql

[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -M -s /sbin/nologin -g mysql mysql

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4.下载二进制格式的mysql软件包

[root@localhost ~]# cd /usr/src/

[root@localhost src]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

5.将软件解压缩至/usr/local/

[root@localhost src]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.23-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/

[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/local/

将解压后的mysql包名改为mysql

6.修改目录/usr/local/mysql的属主属组,添加环境变量

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql

注：-R处理指定目录以及其子目录下的所有文件

[root@localhost local]# echo 'export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' > /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

[root@localhost local]# ./etc/profile.d/mysql.sh

7.建立数据存放目录

[root@localhost local]# mkdir /opt/data

[root@localhost local]# chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/data/

8.初始化数据库

[root@localhost local]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/opt/data/

注意牢记localhost:后的密码

9.配置mysql

[root@localhost local]# ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/ /usr/local/include/mysql

注：ln软连接，-s是代号(symbolic)的意思；使用方法：ln -s 源文件 目标文件；

我们需要在不同的目录，用到相同的文件时，我们只要在其它目录下用ln命令链接(link)它就可以，不必重复的占用磁盘空间。

[root@localhost local]# echo '/usr/local/mysql/lib' > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf

[root@localhost local]# ldconfig -v

10.修改/etc/my.cnf的配置文件

[mysqld]

wait_timeout=31536000

interactive_timeout=31536000

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

datadir=/opt/data

socket=/tmp/mysql.sock

port=3306

pid-file=/opt/data/mysql.pid

user=mysql

#skip-grant-tables

skip-name-resolve

character-set-server=utf8

default-storage-engine=INNODB

sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

[mysql]

default-character-set=utf8

11.配置服务启动脚本

[root@localhost local]# cp -a /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost local]# sed -ri 's#^(basedir=).*#\1/usr/local/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

[root@localhost local]# sed -ri 's#^(datadir=).*#\1/opt/data#g' /etc/init.d/mysqld

12.启动

[root@localhost local]# service mysqld start

13.修改密码，参考:https://www.jianshu.com/p/d38fbc62781c