python图片转换成文字_Python-将图像转换为像素值字符串

假设您将图像表示为numpy数组（因为问题被标记为OpenCV相关的，所以很可能是这样），那么为了获得您想要的结果，我将采取以下步骤。首先^{}数组使其成为线性。

然后使用^{}

使用^{}和^{}将所有元素转换为字符串

Join所有元素都使用空格。

一步一步看起来就像# img is our input image represented by a numpy array

lin_img = img.flatten()

pixel_list = lin_img.tolist()

pixel_str_list = map(str, pixel_list)

img_str = ' '.join(pixel_str_list)

或者，放在一起# img is our input image represented by a numpy array

img_str = ' '.join(map(str,img.flatten().tolist()))

为了进行性能测试，我们将其称为变量2。

更新1

因为numpy数组本身是可iterable的，所以我们可以跳过第二步。# img is our input image represented by a numpy array

img_str = ' '.join(map(str,img.flatten()))

不幸的是，跳过这一步似乎对性能有相当大的负面影响。

为了进行性能测试，我们将其称为变体3。

更新2

用户Manel Fornos（已删除）的回答给了我另一个想法。虽然这种方法有点老套，但速度要快一些。

要点是使用现有的工具获取列表的字符串表示，并过滤掉不需要的字符。str_rep = str(img.flatten().tolist())

img_str = str_rep.strip('[]').replace(',','')

为了进行性能测试，我们将其称为变体4。

变体1将是Liam Lawrence代码的固定版本：pxList = ''

# The height and width of your Mat

height = np.size(img, 0)

width = np.size(img, 1)

# Iterates through the values of your Mat and stores them in pxList

for i in range(height):

for j in range(width):

pxList = pxList + " " + str(img[i][j])

pxList = pxList[1:] # Drop the first space

我写了一个简单的小脚本来比较算法（完整的代码在pastebin上）。结果如下：# Pixels, Variant 1 (ms), Variant 2 (ms), Variant 3 (ms), Variant 4 (ms)

(1024, 2.8326225819203277, 0.13493335046772717, 1.5932890912113131, 0.09023493209332506)

(4096, 13.339841376487794, 0.5257651461289086, 6.325210327010836, 0.3265428986086241)

(9216, 32.98282323591406, 1.1823080866422975, 14.354809759340927, 0.7088365979475153)

(16384, 75.67087786296861, 2.1013669335069043, 26.917736751458644, 1.2577715882884644)

(25600, 137.34306664673863, 3.3527305844737176, 39.52922089259947, 1.9327700867009523)

(36864, 253.29441311675095, 4.734033934480575, 59.513813906516, 2.9113162427067962)

(50176, 451.560393848939, 6.5756611524649955, 80.0690276278131, 3.998343364868928)

(65536, 730.1453117644841, 8.744634443763166, 103.20875278841335, 5.7598277155337385)

(82944, 1111.2658522242352, 11.029055368769303, 131.75812149309473, 7.009532636131244)

(102400, 1660.044328259597, 13.671936656754369, 163.50234457172607, 8.832774137495392)

(123904, 3752.484254283715, 16.593065599119328, 196.8919234148476, 10.672515640955282)

(147456, 6808.498583618867, 20.05951524565397, 238.21070485215222, 13.339090582743296)

(173056, 11572.846199726502, 23.518125208653373, 275.5151841924039, 15.51396546209105)

(200704, 17107.24135330049, 27.29446060882168, 319.9635533287051, 17.9888784747817)

(230400, 24915.183616213795, 31.83344531218779, 368.9712484407863, 21.44858843792008)

(262144, 34914.46058437594, 36.754758635524354, 423.5016077462319, 24.536341210961155)

更新3

从计时来看，变体1的一个突出问题是，它的性能并不像人们所期望的那样，与输入的大小（像素数）成线性比例。相反，它看起来更像O（n^2）。明显的罪魁祸首是字符串的添加——因为Python中的字符串是不可变的，所以在添加每个像素值时，我们不断地复制越来越长的字符串。

缓解此问题的一种可能方法是使用^{}模块。output = cStringIO.StringIO()

# The height and width of your Mat

height = np.size(img, 0)

width = np.size(img, 1)

# Iterates through the values of your Mat and stores them in pxList

for i in range(height):

for j in range(width):

output.write(str(img[i][j]) + " ")

output.truncate(output.tell() - 1)

img_str = output.getvalue()

为了进行性能测试，我们将其称为变体5。

为了完整起见，我们还包括Manel Fornos选项、理解列表（变量6）和生成器（变量7）。# Number of pixels, variants 1..7 (ms)

1024, 2.7356, 0.1330, 1.5844, 0.0870, 2.5578, 1.7027, 1.7354

4096, 13.0483, 0.5250, 6.3810, 0.3227, 10.3566, 6.7979, 6.9346

9216, 34.9096, 1.1787, 14.2764, 0.7047, 23.0620, 15.1704, 15.3179

16384, 72.0128, 2.1126, 25.5553, 1.2306, 41.0506, 27.7385, 28.6510

25600, 142.5863, 3.2655, 40.1804, 1.9044, 64.5345, 42.0542, 42.7847

36864, 265.1944, 4.7110, 57.3741, 2.9238, 94.8722, 62.3143, 61.8108

50176, 444.3202, 6.6906, 78.9869, 4.1656, 126.9877, 82.6736, 84.2270

65536, 739.3482, 8.6936, 101.6483, 5.5619, 163.1796, 110.7537, 111.7517

82944, 1125.0065, 11.1771, 133.8886, 7.0509, 209.9322, 137.3384, 143.7916

102400, 1700.3401, 13.8166, 161.2337, 8.7119, 261.8374, 171.3757, 175.0435

123904, 2304.6573, 16.8627, 196.3455, 10.8982, 314.8287, 205.1966, 210.4597

147456, 5595.0777, 19.8212, 240.1495, 12.9097, 381.7084, 251.7319, 253.3573

173056, 10813.7815, 23.5161, 273.9376, 15.6852, 441.5994, 291.8913, 295.0038

200704, 17561.0637, 27.4871, 322.6305, 17.9567, 517.7028, 340.2233, 342.6525

230400, 25331.5150, 31.6211, 368.3908, 21.0858, 597.7710, 387.3542, 398.9715

262144, 34097.1663, 36.3708, 420.1081, 23.9135, 677.7977, 443.1318, 453.0447