java 3 0.1,在java中添加1/3会导致1.0，而不应该

Note: question still not answered thoroughly! This questions does not deal with the issue of truncation of floating point parts!!!

In Java I have this simple code:

double sum = 0.0;

for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){

sum += 1.0/n

}

System.out.println("Sum should be: 1");

System.out.println("The result is: " + sum);

Where n can be any integer. For numbers like 7,9, the expected value for sum is to have difference in the last digits of sum, and the result is 0.999999999998 or something but the output when I use 3 is 1.0.

If you add 1/3 3 times, you would expect a number close to 1, but I get exactly 1.0.

Why?

解决方案

I'm not sure whether this will help clarify things, because I'm not sure what you consider to be the problem.

Here is a test program that uses BigDecimal, as previously suggested, to display the values of the intermediate answers. At the final step, adding the third copy of 1.0/3 to the sum of two copies, the exact answer is half way between 1.0 and the next double lower than it. In that situation the round-to-even rounding rule picks 1.0.

Given that, I think it should round to 1.0, contradicting the question title.

Test program:

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class Test {

public static void main(String[] args) {

final double oneThirdD = 1.0/3;

final BigDecimal oneThirdBD = new BigDecimal(oneThirdD);

final double twoThirdsD = oneThirdD + oneThirdD;

final BigDecimal twoThirdsBD = new BigDecimal(twoThirdsD);

final BigDecimal exact = twoThirdsBD.add(oneThirdBD);

final double nextLowerD = Math.nextAfter(1.0, 0);

final BigDecimal nextLowerBD = new BigDecimal(nextLowerD);

System.out.println("1.0/3: "+oneThirdBD);

System.out.println("1.0/3+1.0/3: "+twoThirdsBD);

System.out.println("Exact sum: "+exact);

System.out.println("Rounding error rounding up to 1.0: "+BigDecimal.ONE.subtract(exact));

System.out.println("Largest double that is less than 1.0: "+nextLowerBD);

System.out.println("Rounding error rounding down to next lower double: "+exact.subtract(nextLowerBD));

}

}

Output:

1.0/3: 0.333333333333333314829616256247390992939472198486328125

1.0/3+1.0/3: 0.66666666666666662965923251249478198587894439697265625

Exact sum: 0.999999999999999944488848768742172978818416595458984375

Rounding error rounding up to 1.0: 5.5511151231257827021181583404541015625E-17

Largest double that is less than 1.0: 0.99999999999999988897769753748434595763683319091796875

Rounding error rounding down to next lower double: 5.5511151231257827021181583404541015625E-17