python airflow_1.airflow的安装

官方文档文档：

http://airflow.incubator.apache.org/project.html

1.环境准备

1.1 安装环境

centos 6.7 (docker)

python 2.7.13

docker run --name airflow -h airflow -dti --net hadoopnet --ip=172.18.0.20 -p 10131:22 -v /dfs/centos/airflow/home:/home -v /dfs/centos/airflow/opt:/opt yangxw/centos:6.7

1.2 创建用户

[root@airflow ~]# groupadd airflow

[root@airflow ~]# useradd airflow -g airflow

2.安装airflow

2.1 安装python

官网只有source包，所以必须编译安装。

参考：编译安装python2.7.13

由于编译python需要升级gcc,进而需要编译gcc,太复杂,因此直接下载python的集成环境Anaconda即可.

wegt https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/archive/

2.2 安装pip

anacconda中集成了pip,直接使用即可.

2.3 安装数据库

airflow支持mysql postgrey oracle等。这里postgrey.使用yum install postgrey安装即可.

2.4 安装airflow

airflow组件可以模块化安装，用到哪个组件安装哪个组件,如：

2.4.1 安装主模块

安装主模块

[airflow@airflow ~]$ pip install airflow

2.4.2 安装数据库模块、密码模块

[airflow@airflow ~]$ pip install "airflow[postgres,password]"

2.5 配置airflown

2.5.1 设置环境变量

先设置$AIRFLOW_HOME环境变量。首次执行airflow命令时，会在$AIRFLOW_HOME下面创建airflow的配置文件airflow.cfg。

[airflow@airflow ~]$ vi .bashrc

export AIRFLOW_HOME=/home/airflow/airflow01

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow

[2017-05-08 02:00:04,677] {__init__.py:57} INFO - Using executor SequentialExecutor

usage: airflow [-h]

{resetdb,render,variables,connections,pause,task_failed_deps,version,trigger_dag,initdb,test,unpause,dag_state,run,list_tasks,backfill,list_dags,kerberos,worker,webserver,flower,scheduler,task_state,pool,serve_logs,clear,upgradedb}

…

airflow: error: too few arguments

[airflow@airflow ~]$ ll airflow01/

total 16

-rw-rw-r-- 1 airflow airflow 11418 May 8 02:00 airflow.cfg

-rw-rw-r-- 1 airflow airflow 1549 May 8 02:00 unittests.cfg

2.5.2 修改配置文件

查看airflow.cfg文件，整个文件分为core、cli、api、operators、webserver、email、smtp、celery、scheduler、mesos、kerberos、github_enterprise、admin几个部分。

对其中一些参数做修改，其它的保持默认值即可：

[core]

airflow_home = /home/airflow/airflow01

dags_folder = /home/airflow/airflow01/dags #dag python文件目录

executor = LocalExecutor #先使用local模式

base_log_folder = /home/airflow/airflow01/logs #主日志目录

sql_alchemy_conn = postgresql+psycopg2://yangxiaowen:yangxiaowen@10.38.1.78:5432/yangxiaowen

load_examples = True

default_impersonation = xiaowen.yang

[webserver]

authenticate = True

auth_backend = airflow.contrib.auth.backends.password_auth #1.8.1版本中cfg文件没有写这个参数,一定要加上,不然会报"airflow.exceptions.AirflowException: Failed to import authentication backend"错误

filter_by_owner = true

web_server_host = XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX #web server 机器IP

base_url = http://XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX:8080 #web server 机器IP:PORT

[smtp]

smtp_host = smtp.exmail.qq.com

smtp_user = bd-no-reply@bqjr.cn

smtp_password = BQJRbd@2016

smtp_mail_from = bd-no-reply@bqjr.cn

3. 启动airflow

3.1 初始化数据库

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow initdb

3.2 创建用户

$ python

Python 2.7.9 (default, Feb 10 2015, 03:28:08)

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

>>> import airflow

>>> from airflow import models, settings

>>> from airflow.contrib.auth.backends.password_auth import PasswordUser

>>> user = PasswordUser(models.User())

>>> user.username = 'new_user_name'

>>> user.email = 'new_user_email@example.com'

>>> user.password = 'set_the_password'

>>> session = settings.Session()

>>> session.add(user)

>>> session.commit()

>>> session.close()

>>> exit()

3.3 启动airflow

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow webserver -p 8080

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow scheduler

如果不出错就启动成功了.

可以在页面上查看airflow的页面.

4.执行任务

airflow中的任务都是python程序.下面创建一个简单的python程序.

在$AIRFLOW_HOME下创建dags\logs目录.

vi testBashOperator.py

#!/usr/bin/python

from airflow import DAG

from airflow.operators.bash_operator import BashOperator

from datetime import datetime, timedelta

default_args = {

'owner': 'yangxw',

'depends_on_past': False,

'start_date': datetime(2017, 5, 9),

'email': ['xiaowen.yang@bqjr.cn'],

'email_on_failure': True,

'email_on_retry': True,

'retries': 1,

'retry_delay': timedelta(minutes=5),

# 'queue': 'bash_queue',

# 'pool': 'backfill',

# 'priority_weight': 10,

# 'end_date': datetime(2016, 1, 1),

}

dag = DAG('testBashOperator', default_args=default_args)

# t1, t2 and t3 are examples of tasks created by instantiating operators

t1 = BashOperator(

task_id='print_date',

bash_command='date',

dag=dag)

t2 = BashOperator(

task_id='sleep',

bash_command='sleep 5',

retries=3,

dag=dag)

t2.set_upstream(t1)

airflow webserver --debug=True

执行 python testBashOperator.py编译该文件,然后执行 airflow run testBashOperator print_date 2017-05-09 执行文件,在页面上能看到dag信息.

5.安装celery

celery是一个分布式消息队列,在airflow中,使用celeryExecutor可以动态的增加worker个数并将任务在远程机器上执行.生产中建议使用celeryExecutor来执行.

5.1 安装celery模块

pip install airflow[celery]

5.2 安装celery broker

celery需要设置broker和result队列(可以用同样的)来保存消息.celery 支持多种broker:

5.2.1 使用RabbitMQ作为broker

安装airflow的RabbitMQ模块

celery可以使用RabbitMQ或者redias等做为broker,甚至可以使用一些Experimental(实验性的)工具(如sqlalchemy支持的数据库),默认使用RabbitMQ.

pip install airflow[rabbitmq]

安装RabbitMQ-server

yum install rabbitmq-server

(有160多个依赖包!)

然后启动service rabbitmq-server start

rabbitmqctl add_user ct 152108

rabbitmqctl add_vhost ct_airflow

rabbitmqctl set_user_tags ct airflow

rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p ct_airflow ct ".*" ".*" ".*"

5.2.2 使用Redis做为broker

安装celery redis模块

pip install -U "celery[redis]"

安装redis数据库

yum install redis

启动redis

service redis start

4.修改airflow配置文件

broker_url = redis://localhost:6379/0

celery_result_backend = redis://localhost:6379/0

5.3 修改airflow配置文件启用celery

修改airflow.cfg文件:

[core]

executor = CeleryExecutor

[celery]

broker_url = amqp://ct:152108@localhost:5672/ct_airflow

celery_result_backend = amqp://ct:152108@localhost:5672/ct_airflow

5.4 测试celery

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow webserver -p 8100

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow scheduler

[airflow@airflow ~]$ airflow worker #启动celeryexcutor

可以看到CeleryExecutor启动情况.再执行airflow run testBashOperator print_date 2017-05-09,看看CeleryExecutor运行情况.

5.5 部署多个worker

在需要运行作业的机器上的安装airflow airflow[celery] celery[redis] 模块后,启动airflow worker即可.这样作业就能运行在多个节点上.

6. 问题

在docker中遇到以下问题,换成实体机后解决

[2017-05-10 09:14:59,777: ERROR/Worker-1] Command 'airflow run testFile echoDate 2017-05-10T00:00:00 --local -sd DAGS_FOLDER/testFile.py' returned non-zero exit status 1

[2017-05-10 09:14:59,783: ERROR/MainProcess] Task airflow.executors.celery_executor.execute_command[c5d5ea39-0141-46bb-b33a-06a924c07508] raised unexpected: AirflowException('Celery command failed',)

Traceback (most recent call last):

File "/opt/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 240, in trace_task

R = retval = fun(*args, **kwargs)

File "/opt/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 438, in __protected_call__

return self.run(*args, **kwargs)

File "/opt/anaconda2/lib/python2.7/site-packages/airflow/executors/celery_executor.py", line 59, in execute_command

raise AirflowException('Celery command failed')

AirflowException: Celery command failed

参考: