python shelve模块_python开发_shelve_完整版_博主推荐

'''

python中的shelve模块，可以提供一些简单的数据操作

他和python中的dbm很相似。

区别如下：

都是以键值对的形式保存数据，不过在shelve模块中，

key必须为字符串，而值可以是python所支持的数据

类型。在dbm模块中，键值对都必须为字符串类型。

sh['a'] = 'a'

sh['c'] = [11, 234, 'a']

sh['t'] = ('1', '2', '3')

sh['d'] = {'a':'2', 'name':'Hongte' }

sh['b'] = 'b'

sh['i'] = 23

我们可以获取一个shelve对象

sh = shelve.open('c:\\test\\hongten.dat', 'c')

删除shelve对象中的某个键值对

del sh['d']

遍历所有数据

for item in sh.items():

print('键[{}] = 值[{}]'.format(item[0], sh[item[0]]))

获取某个键值对

print(sh['a'])

关闭shelve对象:

sh.close()

####################################################

#### API中强调

Do not rely on the shelf being closed automatically;

always call close() explicitly when you don’t need

it any more, or use a with statement with

contextlib.closing().

####################################################

'''

下面是我做的demo，在demo中我做了比较详细的注释和说明，详情如下：

运行效果：

SHOW_LOG = FalsePython 3.3.2 (v3.3.2:d047928ae3f6, May 16 2013, 00:03:43) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32

Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

>>> ================================ RESTART ================================

>>>

SHOW_LOG : False

删除所有数据...

保存数据...

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

数据[gender] = [M]

数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62')]

数据[age] = [22]

数据[name] = [Hongten]

数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

##################################################

更新数据...

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

数据[gender] = [M]

数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')]

数据[name] = [Hongten]

数据[hoby] = [('篮球', '羽毛球', '乒乓球', '游泳')]

数据[age] = [23]

数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

##################################################

获取某个数据...

获取[address]的值：{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}

##################################################

删除某个数据...

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

数据[gender] = [M]

数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')]

数据[age] = [23]

数据[name] = [Hongten]

数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

##################################################

删除所有数据...

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

>>>

SHOW_LOG = TruePython 3.3.2 (v3.3.2:d047928ae3f6, May 16 2013, 00:03:43) [MSC v.1600 32 bit (Intel)] on win32

Type "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

>>> ================================ RESTART ================================

>>>

SHOW_LOG : True

删除所有数据...

保存数据...

保存数据[age] = [22]

保存数据[gender] = [M]

保存数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

保存数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62')]

保存数据[name] = [Hongten]

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

数据[age] = [22]

数据[name] = [Hongten]

数据[gender] = [M]

数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62')]

##################################################

更新数据...

更新数据[name] = [Hongten]

更新数据[hoby] = [('篮球', '羽毛球', '乒乓球', '游泳')]

更新数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')]

更新数据[age] = [23]

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

数据[age] = [23]

数据[gender] = [M]

数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

数据[hoby] = [('篮球', '羽毛球', '乒乓球', '游泳')]

数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')]

数据[name] = [Hongten]

##################################################

获取某个数据...

获取[address]的值：{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}

##################################################

删除某个数据...

删除[hoby]的数据

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

数据[age] = [23]

数据[name] = [Hongten]

数据[gender] = [M]

数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')]

##################################################

删除所有数据...

删除数据[age] = [23]

删除数据[gender] = [M]

删除数据[address] = [{'hometown': 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd': 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}]

删除数据[phone] = [('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')]

删除数据[name] = [Hongten]

##################################################

遍历所有数据...

>>>

=====================================================

代码部分：

=====================================================1 #python shelve

2

3 #Author : Hongten

4 #MailTo : hongtenzone@foxmail.com

5 #QQ : 648719819

6 #Blog : http://www.cnblogs.com/hongten

7 #Create : 2013-08-09

8 #Version: 1.0

9

10 import shelve

11 '''

12 python中的shelve模块，可以提供一些简单的数据操作

13 他和python中的dbm很相似。

14

15 区别如下：

16 都是以键值对的形式保存数据，不过在shelve模块中，

17 key必须为字符串，而值可以是python所支持的数据

18 类型。在dbm模块中，键值对都必须为字符串类型。

19

20 sh['a'] = 'a'

21 sh['c'] = [11, 234, 'a']

22 sh['t'] = ('1', '2', '3')

23 sh['d'] = {'a':'2', 'name':'Hongte' }

24 sh['b'] = 'b'

25 sh['i'] = 23

26

27 我们可以获取一个shelve对象

28 sh = shelve.open('c:\\test\\hongten.dat', 'c')

29

30 删除shelve对象中的某个键值对

31 del sh['d']

32

33 遍历所有数据

34 for item in sh.items():

35 print('键[{}] = 值[{}]'.format(item[0], sh[item[0]]))

36

37 获取某个键值对

38 print(sh['a'])

39

40 关闭shelve对象:

41 sh.close()

42

43 ####################################################

44 #### API中强调

45 Do not rely on the shelf being closed automatically;

46 always call close() explicitly when you don’t need

47 it any more, or use a with statement with

48 contextlib.closing().

49 ####################################################

50

51 '''

52 #global var

53 #是否显示日志信息

54 SHOW_LOG = True

55

56 def get_shelve():

57 '''open -- file may get suffix added by low-level library'''

58 return shelve.open('c:\\test\\hongten.dat', 'c')

59

60 def save(sh):

61 '''保存数据'''

62 if sh is not None:

63 sh['name'] = 'Hongten'

64 sh['gender'] = 'M'

65 sh['address'] = {'hometown' : 'Shuifu,Yunnan', 'nowadd' : 'Guangzhou,Guangdong'}

66 sh['phone'] = ('13423****62', '18998****62')

67 sh['age'] = 22

68 if SHOW_LOG:

69 for item in sh.items():

70 print('保存数据[{}] = [{}]'.format(item[0], sh[item[0]]))

71 sh.close()

72 else:

73 print('the shelve object is None!')

74

75 def update(sh):

76 '''更新数据'''

77 if sh is not None:

78 sh['name'] = 'Hongten'

79 sh['hoby'] = ('篮球', '羽毛球', '乒乓球', '游泳')

80 sh['phone'] = ('13423****62', '18998****62', '020-90909090')

81 sh['age'] = 23

82 if SHOW_LOG:

83 keys = ('name', 'hoby', 'phone', 'age')

84 for item in keys:

85 print('更新数据[{}] = [{}]'.format(item, sh[item]))

86 sh.close()

87 else:

88 print('the shelve object is None!')

89

90 def delete(sh, key):

91 '''删除某个数据'''

92 if sh is not None:

93 if SHOW_LOG:

94 print('删除[{}]的数据'.format(key))

95 del sh[key]

96 sh.close()

97 else:

98 print('the shelve object is None!')

99

100 def deleteall(sh):

101 '''删除所有数据'''

102 if sh is not None:

103 for item in sh.items():

104 if SHOW_LOG:

105 print('删除数据[{}] = [{}]'.format(item[0], sh[item[0]]))

106 del sh[item[0]]

107 sh.close()

108 else:

109 print('the shelve object is None!')

110

111 def fetchone(sh, key):

112 '''获取某个数据'''

113 if sh is not None:

114 print('获取[{}]的值：{}'.format(key, sh[key]))

115 sh.close()

116 else:

117 print('the shelve object is None!')

118

119 def fetchall(sh):

120 '''遍历所有数据'''

121 if sh is not None:

122 for item in sh.items():

123 print('数据[{}] = [{}]'.format(item[0], sh[item[0]]))

124 sh.close()

125 else:

126 print('the shelve object is None!')

127

128 ###############################################################

129 ### 测试 START

130 ###############################################################

131 def save_test():

132 '''保存数据...'''

133 print('保存数据...')

134 sh = get_shelve()

135 save(sh)

136

137 def fetchall_test():

138 '''遍历所有数据'''

139 print('遍历所有数据...')

140 sh = get_shelve()

141 fetchall(sh)

142

143 def fetchone_test():

144 '''获取某个数据'''

145 print('获取某个数据...')

146 sh = get_shelve()

147 key = 'address'

148 fetchone(sh, key)

149

150 def delete_test():

151 '''删除某个数据'''

152 print('删除某个数据...')

153 sh = get_shelve()

154 key = 'hoby'

155 delete(sh, key)

156

157 def update_test():

158 '''更新数据...'''

159 print('更新数据...')

160 sh = get_shelve()

161 update(sh)

162

163 def deleteall_test():

164 '''删除所有数据'''

165 print('删除所有数据...')

166 sh = get_shelve()

167 deleteall(sh)

168

169 ###############################################################

170 ### 测试 END

171 ###############################################################

172

173 def init():

174 global SHOW_LOG

175 SHOW_LOG = True

176 print('SHOW_LOG : {}'.format(SHOW_LOG))

177 deleteall_test()

178 save_test()

179

180 def main():

181 init()

182 print('#' * 50)

183 fetchall_test()

184 print('#' * 50)

185 update_test()

186 print('#' * 50)

187 fetchall_test()

188 print('#' * 50)

189 fetchone_test()

190 print('#' * 50)

191 delete_test()

192 print('#' * 50)

193 fetchall_test()

194 print('#' * 50)

195 deleteall_test()

196 print('#' * 50)

197 fetchall_test()

198

199 if __name__ == '__main__':

200 main()