mysql 安装目录修改_MySQL安装及数据目录修改

安装环境

Azure RedHat7

安装数据库

安装mysql yum源

yum localinstall https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

选择特定版本安装

yum --disablerepo=mysql80-community --enablerepo=mysql55-community install mysql-community-server

具体版本可按需求修改为mysqlXX-community

验证安装

启动：

systemctl start mysqld

登陆验证：

mysql -u root --skip-password

进行安全设置向导：

[root@server1 ~]# /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation

NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL

SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!

In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current

password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and

you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,

so you should just press enter here.

Enter current password for root (enter for none):

OK, successfully used password, moving on…

Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL

root user without the proper authorisation.

Set root password? [Y/n]

New password:

Re-enter new password:

Password updated successfully!

Reloading privilege tables..

… Success!

By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone

to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for

them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation

go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a

production environment.

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n]

… Success!

Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This

ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n]

… Success!

By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can

access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed

before moving into a production environment.

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n]

- Dropping test database…

… Success!

- Removing privileges on test database…

… Success!

Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far

will take effect immediately.

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n]

… Success!

Cleaning up…

All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL

installation should now be secure.

Thanks for using MySQL!

修改数据目录

查看当前数据目录

mysql -u root -p #登陆数据库

select @@datadir; #查询目录位置

mysql> select @@datadir;

+------------------+

| @@datadir |

+------------------+

| /var/lib/mysql/ |

+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

停用mysql服务

systemctl stop mysqld

数据目录迁移

rsync -av /var/lib/mysql /mnt/data/

mv /var/lib/mysql /var/lib/mysql.bak

修改新目录selinux属性，这步解决生产环境中selinux启用下，mysql无法启动错误

[Warning] Can't create test file /mnt/data/mysql/bds.lower-test

chcon -Rv -u system_u -t mysqld_db_t /mnt/data/mysql

修改mysql配置文件，重新指定mysqld数据读取路径和mysql命令socket路径

修改/etc/my.cnf

......

#修改

[mysqld]

datadir=/mnt/data/mysql

socket=/mnt/data/mysql/mysql.sock

......

#新增

[client]

port=3306

socket=/mnt/data/mysql/mysql.sock

......

到此安装修改完毕，重启启动服务登陆并验证安装目录

mysql> select @@datadir;

+------------------+

| @@datadir |

+------------------+

| /mnt/data/mysql/ |

+------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)