python串口模块_python 串口模块pyserial 简单介绍 | 工作 实践 真知 分享 IT python资源,python面试,python教程，python自学，python技术，py...

前面已经介绍过ubuntu下安装ch341的驱动程序下面安装python的串口模块,这样就直接可以将协调器发生送过来的所有数据,通过python串口读出来,然后写入到数据库中(可以使用python操作数据库的),有关数据库的远程同步(搜索mysql 同步)这个以后再说.

首先要有几点认识:

Features

same class based interface on all supported platforms

access to the port settings through Python 2.2+ properties

port numbering starts at zero, no need to know the port name in the user program

port string (device name) can be specified if access through numbering is inappropriate

support for different bytesizes, stopbits, parity and flow control with RTS/CTS and/or Xon/Xoff

working with or without receive timeout

file like API with “read” and “write” (“readline” etc. also supported)

The files in this package are 100% pure Python. They depend on non standard but common packages on Windows (pywin32) and Jython (JavaComm). POSIX (Linux, BSD) uses only modules from the standard Python distribution)

The port is set up for binary transmission. No NULL byte stripping, CR-LF translation etc. (which are many times enabled for POSIX.) This makes this module universally useful.

黑体字的部分注意一下,特别是最后一项.全部是二进制传输.

sudo easy_install pyserial

然后测试一下

sudo python(这是为了一会给串口读写权限)

>>> import serial

>>> ser=serial.Serial('/dev/serial/by-id/usb-1a86_USB2.0-Serial-if00-port0')

>>> ser

Serial(port='/dev/serial/by-id/usb-1a86_USB2.0-Serial-if00-port0', baudrate=9600, bytesize=8, parity='N', stopbits=1, timeout=None, xonxoff=False, rtscts=False, dsrdtr=False)

>>> ser.timeout=1

>>> ser

Serial(port='/dev/serial/by-id/usb-1a86_USB2.0-Serial-if00-port0', baudrate=9600, bytesize=8, parity='N', stopbits=1, timeout=1, xonxoff=False, rtscts=False, dsrdtr=False)

有时候如果你使用/dev/ttyUSB0行不通的话,就直接使用/dev/serial/by-id/usb-1a86_USB2.0-Serial-if00-port0

timeout=None, # set a timeout value, None for waiting forever

上面timeout的意思是,如果是none,那么程序永远会死在这里.一直等待

timeout=0 # non-blocking mode (return immediately on read)

timeout = 0: 非阻塞形式 (读完之后就返回,费时的io操作,就直接交给后台处理了)

timeout=x # set timeout to x seconds (float allowed)

超时时间一到,程序就是继续执行

————————–没错我是分割线–开始————————————

小知识:

读写串行口时，既可以同步执行，也可以重叠（异步）执行。

在同步执行时，函数直到操作完成后才返回。这意味着在同步执行时线程会被阻塞，从而导致效率下降。

在重叠执行时，即使操作还未完成，调用的函数也会立即返回。费时的I/O操作在后台进行，这样线程就可以干别的事情。

例如，线程可以在不同的句柄上同时执行I/O操作，甚至可以在同一句柄上同时进行读写操作。”重叠”一词的含义就在于此。

阻塞的定义：

对于read，block指当串口输入缓冲区没有数据的时候，read函数将会阻塞在这里，一直到串口输入缓冲区中有数据可读取，read读到了需要的字节数之后，返回值为读到的字节数；

对于write，block指当串口输出缓冲区满，或剩下的空间小于将要写入的字节数，则write将阻塞，一直到串口输出缓冲区中剩下的空间大于等于将要写入的字节数，执行写入操作，返回写入的字节数。

非阻塞的定义：

对于read，no block指当串口输入缓冲区没有数据的时候，read函数立即返回，返回值为0。

对于write，no block指当串口输出缓冲区满，或剩下的空间小于将要写入的字节数，则write将进行写操作，写入当前串口输出缓冲区剩下空间允许的字节数，然后返回写入的字节数。

—————————-没错我是分割线–结束———————————-

Be carefully when using “readline”. Do specify a timeout when opening the serial port otherwise it could block foreverif no newline character is received. Also note that “readlines” only works with a timeout. “readlines” depends on having a timeout and interprets that as EOF (end of file). It raises an exception if the port is not opened correctly.

Parameters for the Serial class

ser = serial.Serial(

port=None, # number of device, numbering starts at

# zero. if everything fails, the user

# can specify a device string, note

# that this isn't portable anymore

# if no port is specified an unconfigured

# an closed serial port object is created

baudrate=9600, # baud rate

bytesize=EIGHTBITS, # number of databits

parity=PARITY_NONE, # enable parity checking

stopbits=STOPBITS_ONE, # number of stopbits

timeout=None, # set a timeout value, None for waiting forever

xonxoff=0, # enable software flow control

rtscts=0, # enable RTS/CTS flow control

interCharTimeout=None # Inter-character timeout, None to disable

)

Methods of Serial instances

open() # open port

close() # close port immediately

setBaudrate(baudrate) # change baud rate on an open port

inWaiting() # return the number of chars in the receive buffer

read(size=1) # read "size" characters

write(s) # write the string s to the port

flushInput() # flush input buffer, discarding all it's contents

flushOutput() # flush output buffer, abort output

sendBreak() # send break condition

setRTS(level=1) # set RTS line to specified logic level

setDTR(level=1) # set DTR line to specified logic level

getCTS() # return the state of the CTS line

getDSR() # return the state of the DSR line

getRI() # return the state of the RI line

getCD() # return the state of the CD line

Attributes of Serial instances

readonly

portstr # device name

BAUDRATES # list of valid baudrates

BYTESIZES # list of valid byte sizes

PARITIES # list of valid parities

STOPBITS # list of valid stop bit widths

New values can be assigned to the following attributes, the port will be reconfigured, even if it’s opened at that time:(即使是打开的情况下也会重新配置???liub)

port # port name/number as set by the user

baudrate # current baud rate setting

bytesize # byte size in bits

parity # parity setting

stopbits # stop bit with (1,2)

timeout # timeout setting

xonxoff # if Xon/Xoff flow control is enabled

rtscts # if hardware flow control is enabled

居然还有这么多好东西,看看下面:

TCP/IP – serial bridge

This program opens a TCP/IP port. When a connection is made to that port (e.g. with telnet) it forwards all data to the serial port and vice versa.

This example only exports a raw socket connection. The next example below gives the client much more control over the remote serial port.

The serial port settings are set on the command line when starting the program.

There is no possibility to change settings from remote.

All data is passed through as-is.