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【推荐1】   Shan Tianfang, died at 83 on Sept. 11,2018 in Beijing because of multiple organ failure. His energetic oral interpretations of classical Chinese novels and historical events pushed the ancient pingshu tradition forward into the modern age for generations of Chinese.

Mr. Shan tried for many years to avoid becoming a performer of pingshu, the Song dynasty-era storytelling tradition. Growing up in the1950s in a family of folk art performers, he had seen struggle firsthand. It was a life of constant financial troubles and low social status. So it was with great unwillingness when, out of financial necessity, he became an apprentice(徒弟) to a family friend who was a master of pingshu. He made his first public appearance in 1956.

In the pingshu tradition, the performer wears a traditional gown and sits behind a desk equipped with a folding fan and a wooden block. The storyteller tells a legend — typically a classical Chinese epic — from memory, using different voices and exaggerated gestures as well as adding occasional background detail and commentary.

Mr. Shan grew to love the storytelling form, which is popular across northern China. It is a demanding profession that combines acting, oration, writing, historical research and literary criticism and requires countless hours of memorization. In teahouses around the northeastern region, he became famous for his fresh takes on the classics.

In 1976, many Chinese were hungry for some new forms of entertainment, and it was against this background that he grasped the opportunity to record a pingshu radio broadcast. He soon discovered that performing on radio was vastly different from doing so in teahouses. There were no props(道具), no reactions from the audience to guide him — just Mr. Shan and the microphone in a recording studio. So for his first radio performance, a shortened version of the historical novel ―The Romance of Sui and Tang Dynasties,‖ Mr. Shan used the studio’s three recording technicians as his audience and adjusted his performance based on their reactions.

The performance had its first appearance in 1980 on Chinese New Year, and more than 100 million Chinese were estimated to have tuned in during the 56 hours over which it was broadcast. It was the beginning of a dramatic second act both for Mr. Shan and for pingshu in the People’s Republic of China. He was soon a household name across the country.

Over six decades, Mr. Shan recorded more than 110 stories for radio and television totaling about 12,000 episodes and lasting 6,000 hours. His best-known works include his interpretations of Chinese classics like ―White-Eyebrow Hero‖ and ―Sanxia Wuyi‖ and his dramatizations of historical figures like Zhuge Liang and Lin Zexu.

Even today, hop into a Beijing taxi and the driver may be listening to one of Mr. Shan’s recordings. ―For my generation, Shan Tianfang was a master,‖ said Zhao Fuwei, 48, a Beijing taxi driver. ―If back then there was such thing as a viral star, then Shan Tianfang was definitely the hottest viral star.

―Listening to his stories has made it easier to kill time in bad traffic,‖ Mr. Zhao added. ―He was so good at making complicated historical stories simple and interesting. You feel like you could empathize with the characters in his stories, even though they lived a long time ago.

But in recent years many of the great pingshu performers have died, and the tradition is fading. By the time Mr. Shan retired in 2007, interest in pingshu among Chinese had all but been replaced by mobile phones and gaming.Nevertheless, even after retiring, Mr. Shan worked tirelessly to promote pingshu among young Chinese, instructing apprentices and starting a school dedicated to the folk arts.

Ever willing to adapt to new technologies, he posted a message to his Sina Weibo microblog account on Sept. 6, five days before his death. It was an announcement about a new live-streamed(直播) lecture series about pingshu.【小题1】In the 1950s, Chinese folk art performers .A．got no pay for their performance.

B．were looked down on by the public.

C．were always from an artistic family.

D．won popularity with common people.【小题2】What is the third paragraph mainly about?A．The origin of pingshu.B．The types of pingshu.

C．The performance of pingshu.D．The performers of pingshu.【小题3】Why did Mr. Shan start his radio performance?A．To expand his pingshu career.

B．To cater to the audience's needs.

C．To challenge himself in performance.

D．To make pingshu the main focus of attention.【小题4】What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 9 probably imply?A．The audience get a chance to communicate with the characters.

B．The audience can remember the different characters easily.

C．The audience hope to experience things happening to the characters.

D．The audience can understand the characters feelings and experiences.【小题5】Which words can best describe Mr. Shan?A．flexible and devotedB．adaptable and generous.

C．grateful and open-mindedD．sympathetic and strong-willed.【小题6】What's the authors' purpose of writing the text?A．To promote the Chinese folk art— pingshu.

B．To stress the achievement of Shan Tianfang.

C．To give a brief introduction of Shan Tianfang.

D．To show ShanTianfang's effort to develop pingshu.